Trial reportJournal of diabetes science and technology2023
Efficacy of a Smart Insulin Pen Cap for the Management of Patients with Uncontrolled Type 2 Diabetes: A Randomized Cross-Over Trial.
Trial report in Journal of diabetes science and technology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07061301 (Transition to Hospital Discharge in Insulinized Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Incorporation Into a Comprehensive Diabetes Management System), which is not on this map. Cited by 18 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Transition to Hospital Discharge in Insulinized Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Incorporation Into a Comprehensive Diabetes Management System
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Diabetes self-management education and support delivered by mobile health (mHealth) interventions for adults with type 2 diabetes-A systematic review and meta-analysis.Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association · 2025Pooled it
- Analysis of glycaemic control and treatment satisfaction with a connected smart pen cap in adults with type 1 diabetes: a randomised, open-label, parallel-group trial.Diabetologia · 2026Trial
- Review
- Improvement in insulin injection timing and glucometrics using a connected insulin cap: theFrontiers in endocrinology · 2026Observational
- Glycaemic control after connected insulin pen initiation in people living with diabetes: Results from a real-world setting.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Observational
- Observed Glycemic and Psychosocial Benefits in the Prospective Bigfoot Unity Real World Study: A 6-Month Analysis.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2025Observational
- Connected Insulin Pens and Pen Caps: Expanding Diabetes Technology Access and Adoption.Diabetes spectrum : a publication of the American Diabetes Association · 2025Article
- Review
- Digital biomarkers: 3PM approach revolutionizing chronic disease management - EPMA 2024 position.The EPMA journal · 2024Article
- Diabetes Technology in People with Type 2 Diabetes: Novel Indications.Current diabetes reports · 2024Review
- Advantages and disadvantages of connected insulin pens in diabetes management.Endocrine connections · 2023Review
- Connected Insulin Pens and Caps: An Expert's Recommendation from the Area of Diabetes of the Spanish Endocrinology and Nutrition Society (SEEN).Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2023Article
- STYLCONNECT Study: An Assessment of Automatic Data Collection Devices by People Living with Diabetes and Using an Insulin Pen.Diabetes therapy : research, treatment and education of diabetes and related disorders · 2023Article
- First Real-World Experience With Bigfoot Unity: A 6-Month Retrospective Analysis.Clinical diabetes : a publication of the American Diabetes Association · 2023Article
- The emerging role of digital health in the management of asthma.Therapeutic advances in chronic disease · 2023Review
- Telehealth Technologies and Their Benefits to People With Diabetes.Diabetes spectrum : a publication of the American Diabetes Association · 2022Article
- Glycaemic control and novel technology management strategies in pregestational diabetes mellitus.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Review
- The Review of Insulin Pens-Past, Present, and Look to the Future.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundWe studied a smart insulin pen cap that can be plugged to several brand of insulin pens, to track insulin administration via smart-phone Bluetooth technology, with alarm/reminder system aiming.
methodsThis pilot randomized, cross-over design study assessed the use of a smart insulin pen cap in improving adherence, glycemic control and patient satisfaction in insulin-treated patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes. Eighty patients on basal insulin ± oral agents with hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) between 7.0% and 12.0% were randomized to a 12-week active phase receiving alarms/reminders and a 12-week control/masked phase without feedback. We assessed differences between groups on treatment adherence, insulin omission, and mistiming of insulin injections, HbA1c, treatment satisfaction (using Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire Status).
resultsCompared to the control/masked phase, the active phase resulted in lower mean daily blood glucose (147.0 ± 34 vs 157.6 ± 42 mg/dL,
conclusionsThe results of this pilot study indicates that this smart insulin pen cap was effective in improving glycemic control with overall good satisfaction in insulin treated patients with type 2 diabetes. Future studies are needed to confirm its potential for improving care in insulin treated patients with diabetes.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.