Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34293632›Full record

ArticleResearch in developmental disabilities2021

Differences in emotional state and autistic symptoms before and during confinement due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Agustín E Martínez-González, Beatriz Moreno-Amador, José A Piqueras

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Research in developmental disabilities, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
3.1field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  3. Validation of the Pain and Sensitivity Reactivity Scale in Neurotypical Late Adolescents and Adults.European journal of investigation in health, psychology and education · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Agustín E Martínez-GonzálezDepartment of Developmental Psychology and Didactics, University of Alicante, Carretera San Vicente del Raspeig, s/n-03690, San Vicente del Raspeig, Alicante, Spain. Electronic address: agustin.emartinez@ua.es.
Beatriz Moreno-AmadorDepartment of Health Psychology, Miguel Hernández University of Elche, Edificio Altamira, Avda. de la Universidad, s/n Elche, Alicante, 03202, Spain.
José A PiquerasDepartment of Health Psychology, Miguel Hernández University of Elche, Edificio Altamira, Avda. de la Universidad, s/n Elche, Alicante, 03202, Spain.
Universitat de Miguel Hernández d'Elx · ESUniversity of Alicante · ES

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has generated a global crisis that has affected the emotional health of both the general and the clinical population.

methodThe present study aimed to analyze the differences between the emotional states of a group of individuals with ASD and a neurotypical group both during and after the COVID-19 confinement. The study also examined the changes in autistic symptoms between a group of individuals with ASD who were confined during the COVID-19 pandemic and another group of individuals with ASD who were studied prior to the COVID-19 pandemic period.

resultsHigher levels of aggression, irritability, hyperactivity and impulsivity, lack of attention and anxiety, among other symptoms, were found in individuals with ASD during confinement when compared to healthy controls (p < .05; p < .01). Higher levels of repetitive, restrictive, and stereotyped behaviors were also found in pandemic-era ASD individuals when compared to the group of individuals with ASD who were assessed prior to the pandemic (p < .01).

conclusionsthe confinement is related to an increase in symptomatology and dysfunctional behaviours characteristic of ASD, and therefore it is necessary to implement actions that help to reduce this impact now, as well as in future crisis events.

Indexed as

Autistic DisorderCOVID-19HumansIrritable MoodPandemicsSARS-CoV-2ASDConfinementCOVID-19 pandemicEmotional stateRepetitive behaviors

Identifiers

PMID34293632
PMCPMC9758602
OpenAlexW3184588282

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.