ReviewPreventive medicine2021
Timing, duration, and differential susceptibility to early life adversities and cardiovascular disease risk across the lifespan: Implications for future research.
Review in Preventive medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sensitive periods to social adversity in immune and metabolic development: A systematic review.Psychoneuroendocrinology · 2025Pooled it
- Association between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Binge Drinking among Adults: The Moderating Effect of Race/Ethnicity.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2026Article
- Early life adversity and cardiometabolic risk in adolescents: Comparison of dimensional and cumulative approaches to adversity.Social science & medicine (1982) · 2026Article
- Early life adversity, educational attainment, and cardiometabolic risk among middle-aged and older adults in the United States.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2026Article
- Bayesian Network Modeling of Environmental, Social, and Behavioral Determinants of Cardiovascular Disease Risk.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2025Article
- Conversion Therapy Exposure and Elevated Cardiovascular Disease Risk.JAMA network open · 2025Observational
- Postpartum Maternal Stress is Unrelated to the Infant Fecal Microbiome, but is Associated With the Human Milk Microbiome in Exclusively Breastfeeding Mother-Infant Dyads: The Mother-Infant Microbiomes, Behavior, and Ecology Study (MIMBES).American journal of human biology : the official journal of the Human Biology Council · 2025Article
- Interactions of chronic stress exposure and stress appraisal on vascular endothelial function among young adults.Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) · 2025Article
- Associations of adverse childhood experiences with blood pressure among early adolescents in the United States.American journal of preventive cardiology · 2024Article
- Eating behaviors as pathways from early childhood adversity to adolescent cardiometabolic risk.Health psychology : official journal of the Division of Health Psychology, American Psychological Association · 2024Article
- Approaches for measuring cumulative childhood adversity: A study of youth from 5 sub-Saharan African countries.Child abuse & neglect · 2024Article
- Childhood maltreatment and trajectories of cardiometabolic health across the reproductive life span among individuals with a first birth during the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study.Preventive medicine · 2024Article
- Connections between reproductive health and cognitive aging among women enrolled in the HCHS/SOL and SOL-INCA.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2024Article
- Violence victimisation and young adult cardiometabolic health: the role of timing and social identity.Annals of human biology · 2024Article
- Responsive parental support buffers the link between chronic stress and cardiometabolic risk among adolescents.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2024Article
- Pubertal timing: A life course pathway linking early life risk to adulthood cardiometabolic health.PloS one · 2024Article
- Comorbidity between major depressive disorder and physical diseases: a comprehensive review of epidemiology, mechanisms and management.World psychiatry : official journal of the World Psychiatric Association (WPA) · 2023Article
- Association of Childhood and Midlife Neighborhood Socioeconomic Position With Cognitive Decline.JAMA network open · 2023Article
- Adverse childhood experiences are associated with vascular changes in adolescents that are risk factors for future cardiovascular disease.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2023Article
- Expanding on Threat and Deprivation: Empirical Examination of Adversity Dimensions and Psychiatric Outcomes Among Emerging Adults.Emerging adulthood (Print) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 10 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Early life adversities (ELA), include experiences such as child maltreatment, household dysfunction, bullying, exposure to crime, discrimination, bias, and victimization, and are recognized as social determinants of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Strong evidence shows exposure to ELA directly impacts cardiometabolic risk in adulthood and emerging evidence suggests there may be continuity in ELA's prediction of cardiometabolic risk over the life course. Extant research has primarily relied on a cumulative risk framework to evaluate the relationship between ELA and CVD. In this framework, risk is considered a function of the number of risk factors or adversities that an individual was exposed to across developmental periods. The cumulative risk exposure approach treats developmental periods and types of risk as equivalent and interchangeable. Moreover, cumulative risk models do not lend themselves to investigating the chronicity of adverse exposures or consider individual variation in susceptibility, differential contexts, or adaptive resilience processes, which may modify the impact of ELA on CVD risk. To date, however, alternative models have received comparatively little consideration. Overall, this paper will highlight existing gaps and offer recommendations to address these gaps that would extend our knowledge of the relationship between ELA and CVD development. We focus specifically on the roles of: 1) susceptibility and resilience, 2) timing and developmental context; and 3) variation in risk exposure. We propose to expand current conceptual models to incorporate these factors to better guide research that examines ELA and CVD risk across the life course.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.