Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34291975›Full record

ArticleCultural diversity & ethnic minority psychology2021

Spiritual connectedness through prayer as a mediator of the relationship between Indigenous language use and positive mental health.

Miigis B Gonzalez, Kelley J Sittner, Jessica Saniguq Ullrich, Melissa L Walls

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cultural diversity & ethnic minority psychology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
7citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Smudging the barriers away: crafting theInternational journal of circumpolar health · 2025
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  4. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Miigis B GonzalezJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Center for American Indian Health, Great Lakes Hub.ORCID 0000-0003-0437-3632
Kelley J SittnerDepartment of Sociology, Oklahoma State University.
Jessica Saniguq UllrichUniversity of Alaska Anchorage School of Social Work.ORCID 0000-0002-9700-6833
Melissa L WallsJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Center for American Indian Health, Great Lakes Hub.ORCID 0000-0001-6324-457X

Funding

Stress and Type 2 Diabetes among Indigenous AdultsR01DK091250 · NIDDK · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI WALLS, MELISSA L. · 2012 to 2024
$5.7M
National Institutes of Health; National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney DiseasesNIDDK NIH HHS R01 DK091250
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThe objective of this study is to understand how Indigenous language and spirituality revitalization efforts may affect mental health within Indigenous communities. Although Indigenous communities experience disproportionate rates of mental health problems, research supporting language and spirituality's role in improving mental health is under-researched and poorly understood.

methodData for this study are from a Community-based Participatory Research Project involving five Anishinaabe tribes in Minnesota and Wisconsin. Participants were sampled from clinic records of adults with a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes, living on or near the reservation, and self-identifying as American Indian (mean age = 46.3;

resultStructural equation modeling illustrates that language use in the home is associated with positive mental health through spiritual connectedness.

conclusionResults support tribal community expressions of the positive effects of cultural involvement for Indigenous wellbeing, and improve what is known about the interconnectedness of language and spirituality. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2Mental HealthAdultHumansLanguageMiddle AgedReligionSpirituality

Identifiers

PMID34291975
PMCPMC8497410

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.