ReviewFrontiers in public health2021
Multifactorial Etiology of Adolescent Nicotine Addiction: A Review of the Neurobiology of Nicotine Addiction and Its Implications for Smoking Cessation Pharmacotherapy.
Review in Frontiers in public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Early life nicotine vapor exposure increases nicotine vapor seeking in adult male rats.Psychopharmacology · 2026Article
- A new framework for nicotinic receptor-targeted therapeutic strategies in psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders.Frontiers in cellular neuroscience · 2026Article
- Differential predictors of smoking quit attempts between single- and poly-tobacco-using adolescents: a Korean national survey analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Harmonizing mind acupuncture combined with nicotine replacement therapy for tobacco use disorder: a protocol for a pragmatic randomized controlled trial.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Neuroprotective effects of naringenin on nicotine-induced anxiety and depression: Involvement of monoaminergic systems, oxidative stress, and neuroinflammation on male rats.Current research in pharmacology and drug discovery · 2026Article
- Sociodemographic and behavioral factors associated with time to first cigarette upon waking: Findings from the Malaysian national tobacco survey 2023.Tobacco induced diseases · 2026Article
- Comparative effects of alternate tobacco products and traditional tobacco smoking on various organ/systems: A guide to regulators and health policy makers.Toxicology reports · 2025Review
- Exploring youth vaping in New Zealand intermediate and high schools: a mixed-methods study protocol.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Ivermectin attenuates nicotine-induced reward-like behaviors in mice.Biomolecules & biomedicine · 2025Article
- Childhood cigarette smoking is associated with health-related quality of life in older US adults.Tobacco induced diseases · 2025Article
- Age of onset of nicotine use and severity of nicotine addiction symptoms are associated with hippocampal volume in late adolescents and emerging adults.Frontiers in adolescent medicine · 2025Article
- Factors associated with cigarette smoking among learners at a high school in KwaZulu-Natal.Health SA = SA Gesondheid · 2025Article
- The relationship between insecure attachment and nicotine dependence among users of classic cigarettes, e-cigarettes, and heated tobacco products: a moderated mediation model.Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy · 2024Article
- A compartmental model for smoking dynamics in Italy: a pipeline for inference, validation, and forecasting under hypothetical scenarios.BMC medical research methodology · 2024Article
- Nicotine use during late adolescence and young adulthood is associated with changes in hippocampal volume and memory performance.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2024Article
- Public perceptions and discussions of synthetic nicotine on Twitter.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Substance use patterns and negative urine opioid screen among patients on methadone treatment at a referral hospital in Nairobi, Kenya.PLOS mental health · 2024Article
- Extracellular ATP Neurotransmission and Nicotine Sex-Specifically Modulate Habenular Neuronal Activity in Adolescence.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2023Article
- Challenges and perspectives of tobacco cessation in special groups of patients and populations.Breathe (Sheffield, England) · 2023Review
- Association between Psychopathological Symptoms and Aggression and Selected Biochemical Parameters in Adolescents with Behavioural and Emotional Disturbances.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Nicotine is the primary pharmacologic component of tobacco, and its highly addictive nature is responsible for its widespread use and significant withdrawal effects that result in challenges to smoking cessation therapeutics. Nicotine addiction often begins in adolescence and this is at least partially attributed to the fact that adolescent brain is most susceptible to the neuro-inflammatory effects of nicotine. There is increasing evidence for the involvement of microglial cells, which are the brain's primary homeostatic sensor, in drug dependence and its associated behavioral manifestations particularly in the adolescent brain. A hallmark of neuro-inflammation is microglial activation and activation of microglia by nicotine during adolescent development, which may result in long-term addiction to nicotine. This non-systematic review examines multifactorial etiology of adolescent nicotine addiction, neurobiology of nicotine addiction and the potential mechanisms that underlie the effects of nicotine on inflammatory signaling in the microglia, understanding how nicotine affects the adolescent brain. We speculate, that modulating homeostatic balance in microglia, could have promising therapeutic potential in withdrawal, tolerance, and abstinence-related neural adaptations in nicotine addiction, in the adolescent brain. Further, we discuss nicotine addiction in the context of the sensitization-homeostasis model which provides a theoretical framework for addressing the potential role of microglial homeostasis in neural adaptations underlying nicotine abuse.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.