ArticleFluids and barriers of the CNS2021
A multicenter retrospective study of heterogeneous tissue aggregates obstructing ventricular catheters explanted from patients with hydrocephalus.
Article in Fluids and barriers of the CNS, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Catheter architecture as a determinant of cerebrospinal fluid flow in pediatric hydrocephalus.Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2026Article
- Role of cerebroventricular size and surgical placement in modulating catheter flow distribution.Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2026Article
- In Vitro Assessment of Ventricular Catheters with a Multilayered Fibrous Web to Prevent Cellular Occlusion.ACS biomaterials science & engineering · 2026Article
- A novel method of fabricating dynamic, heterogenous benchtop lateral and third ventricle phantoms from MRI of hydrocephalus patients: a verification and validation study.Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2026Article
- A hybrid omental-parietal peritoneal fibrous sheath: a case report of an unreported cause of recurrent ventriculoperitoneal shunt failure.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- VIEshunt: towards a ventricular intelligent and electromechanical shunt for hydrocephalus therapy.Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2025Article
- The effects of ventricle geometries and boundary conditions on computational modeling of ventriculoperitoneal catheters.Computers in biology and medicine · 2025Article
- Evaluation of risk factors for obstruction of the intraventricular catheter after ventriculoperitoneal shunting in dogs with congenital internal hydrocephalus.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
- Absence of immunoreaction and cellular adhesion in a polyvinylpyrrolidone-coated ventricular catheter with choroid plexus obstruction: A case report.Surgical neurology international · 2025Article
- Research priorities for improving cognitive and neuropsychological outcomes in hydrocephalus.Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2024Review
- Ventricular catheter tissue obstruction and shunt malfunction in 9 hydrocephalus etiologies.Journal of neurosurgery. Pediatrics · 2024Article
- Polyvinylpyrrolidone-coated catheters decrease choroid plexus adhesion and improve flow/pressure performance in an in vitro model of hydrocephalus.Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery · 2024Article
- A novel, benchtop model for quantitative analysis of resistance in ventricular catheters.PloS one · 2023Article
- Polyvinylpyrrolidone-Coated Catheters Decrease Astrocyte Adhesion and Improve Flow/Pressure Performance in an Invitro Model of Hydrocephalus.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- The effect of A1 and A2 reactive astrocyte expression on hydrocephalus shunt failure.Fluids and barriers of the CNS · 2022Article
- Partial Obstruction of Ventricular Catheters Affects Performance in a New Catheter Obstruction Model of Hydrocephalus.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 7 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundImplantation of ventricular catheters (VCs) to drain cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a standard approach to treat hydrocephalus. VCs fail frequently due to tissue obstructing the lumen via the drainage holes. Mechanisms driving obstruction are poorly understood. This study aimed to characterize the histological features of VC obstructions and identify links to clinical factors.
methods343 VCs with relevant clinical data were collected from five centers. Each hole on the VCs was classified by degree of tissue obstruction after macroscopic analysis. A subgroup of 54 samples was analyzed using immunofluorescent labelling, histology and immunohistochemistry.
results61.5% of the 343 VCs analyzed had tissue aggregates occluding at least one hole (n = 211) however the vast majority of the holes (70%) showed no tissue aggregates. Mean age at which patients with occluded VCs had their first surgeries (3.25 yrs) was lower than in patients with non-occluded VCs (5.29 yrs, p < 0.02). Mean length of time of implantation of occluded VCs, 33.22 months was greater than for non-occluded VCs, 23.8 months (p = 0.02). Patients with myelomeningocele had a greater probability of having an occluded VC (p = 0.0426). VCs with occlusions had greater numbers of macrophages and astrocytes in comparison to non-occluded VCs (p < 0.01). Microglia comprised only 2-6% of the VC-obstructing tissue aggregates. Histologic analysis showed choroid plexus occlusion in 24%, vascularized glial tissue occlusion in 24%, prevalent lymphocytic inflammation in 29%, and foreign body giant cell reactions in 5% and no ependyma.
conclusionOur data show that age of the first surgery and length of time a VC is implanted are factors that influence the degree of VC obstruction. The tissue aggregates obstructing VCs are composed predominantly of astrocytes and macrophages; microglia have a relatively small presence.
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