ArticleBMC ophthalmology2021
Prediction of premyopia and myopia in Chinese preschool children: a longitudinal cohort.
Article in BMC ophthalmology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 44 citations in OpenAlex.
- Artificial intelligence in pediatric myopia - a narrative review.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2026Review
- Binocular Non-Cycloplegic Ocular Parameters for Modeling Cycloplegic SER in Children.Translational vision science & technology · 2026Article
- Development and Validation of Multinomial Logistic Regression and Machine Learning Algorithms for Identifying Refractive Status in Chinese School Aged Children.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2026Article
- Study on fundus characteristics of preschool children based on artificial intelligence quantitative technology.BMC ophthalmology · 2026Observational
- Association between myopia and refractive parameters with eye behaviors in childhood aged 6 ~ 9 years: a follow-up study in Beijing.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Association between refraction characteristics and anthropometrics in 7- to 10-year-old Chinese primary school students.BMC ophthalmology · 2026Article
- The predictive accuracy of axial length to corneal curvature radius ratio for myopia in children and adolescents.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Identifying and Managing Pre-Myopia: A Narrative Review.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2026Review
- Predicting hyperopic reserve in children based on school-based vision programs with ensemble learning.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Tracking myopia development through axial length progression: a retrospective longitudinal study.Annals of medicine · 2025Article
- A nomogram for identifying premyopia and myopia candidates in Chinese children: focusing on those with cycloplegic spherical equivalent refraction ≤ + 0.75D.BMC ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Predicting onset of myopic refractive error in children using machine learning on routine pediatric eye examinations only.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- School-level prediction and management of myopia in children and adolescents.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
- Myopia: a review of current concepts, association with nonophthalmological conditions, and treatment strategy in children and adolescents.Clinical and experimental pediatrics · 2025Article
- Development and validation of a model for predicting myopia in young children in China.BMC ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Optimising non-cycloplegic screening strategies for early detection of pre-myopia and myopia in young children.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2025Article
- Interpretable machine learning models for predicting childhood myopia from school-based screening data.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Graduated atropine protocol effects on spherical equivalent and axial length in premyopic children.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- What do we know about premyopia and should we be giving it greater consideration?BMJ open ophthalmology · 2025Article
- Age and initial spherical equivalent influence the axial length elongation in children aged 9-17 years undergoing orthokeratology therapy.BMC ophthalmology · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundsMyopia has become a global public health problem. Children with early onset of myopia are at particular risk of complications associated with myopia. Younger children and children with greater initial myopic refractive errors are at a greater risk of myopia progression. Therefore, it is essential to identify subjects at high risk of developing myopia to facilitate myopia prevention in the early stage, especially during the preschool period. The purpose of this study was to determine whether premyopia and myopia in preschool children can be predicted by easily obtainable parameters.
methodsData was collected in a population-based cohort. Comprehensive examinations included height, weight, refraction, axial length (AL), and corneal radius of curvature (CR), with a follow-up of 2 years. Parental myopia history was obtained from a questionnaire. Myopia was defined as spherical equivalent (SE) ≤ - 0.50 D. Premyopia was defined as - 0.50 D < SE ≤ + 0.75 D. Multivariate linear regression models were fitted to determine the associations between these parameters at baseline and future SE. To predict premyopia and myopia, Cox proportional hazard regression analysis coupled with a nomogram was used.
resultsA total of 830 children (433 boys and 397 girls) were included (40.83 ± 3.43 months old at baseline). A significantly negative relationship was observed in the multivariate analysis between baseline AL, AL/CR, two myopic parents, and the future SE after adjusting for age and gender (coefficient = - 0.291, coefficient = - 5.791, coefficient = - 0.273, respectively, both p < 0.001). Higher baseline AL, AL/CR (hazard ratio (HR) = 4.916, HR = 2.979, respectively, comparing the top quartile with the bottom quartile, both p < 0.001) and two myopic parents (HR = 1.756, compared to no myopic parents, p = 0.001) were associated with a higher risk of future onset of premyopia. From the nomogram, AL/CR was found to have the most enormous effect on survival. Different baseline AL and AL/CR values (both Log Rank p < 0.001) had different survival curves.
conclusionsAL and AL/CR could be used as obtainable indicators for identifying subjects at high risk of developing premyopia and myopia in young preschool children.
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