Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34289100›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of cancer2021

Role of calcium in hormone-independent and -resistant breast cancer.

Kedra Cyrus, Qiaochu Wang, Zeina Sharawi, Glyn Noguchi, Mudit Kaushal, Tiffany Chang, William Rydzewski, William Yeguech, Fatima Gibrel, John B Psaltis and 2 more

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of cancer, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed
2.6field-weighted citation impact, top 10% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 16 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
  2. Calcineurin in cancer signaling networks.Nagoya journal of medical science · 2025
    Review
  3. Review
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Calcium Activation of the Androgen Receptor in Prostate Cells.International journal of endocrinology · 2023
    Article
  11. Traditional mineral medicine realgar andFrontiers in microbiology · 2023
    Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Kedra CyrusDepartment of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.
Qiaochu WangDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.
Zeina SharawiDepartment of Genetics and Human Genetics, Howard University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.
Glyn NoguchiDepartment of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.
Mudit KaushalDepartment of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.
Tiffany ChangDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.
William RydzewskiDepartment of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.
William YeguechDepartment of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.
Fatima GibrelDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular & Cellular Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.
John B PsaltisDepartment of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.
Bassem R HaddadDepartment of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.
Mary Beth MartinDepartment of Oncology, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7688-9158
Georgetown University · USHoward University · US

Funding

Tissue Culture Shared ResourceP30CA051008 · NCI · GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY · PI STEPHEN W BYERS · 1990 to 2026
$71.5M
TRAINING GRANT IN TUMOR BIOLOGYT32CA009686 · NCI · GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY · PI ANNA Tate RIEGEL, DAVID J ROBBINS · 1996 to 2026
$10.8M
Impact of environmental metal/metalloid exposures on mammographic breast density, a marker of breast cancerU01ES026132 · NIEHS · GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY · PI BYRNE, CELIA, MARTIN, MARYBETH · 2015 to 2019
$4.5M
Howard Hughes Medical InstituteNCI NIH HHS P30 CA051008NCI NIH HHS P30-CA51008NCI NIH HHS T32 CA009686NCI NIH HHS T32-CA009686NCI NIH HHS U01-ES026132NIEHS NIH HHS U01 ES026132
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Approximately one-third of estrogen receptor (ER) positive breast tumors fail to respond to or become resistant to hormonal therapy. Although the mechanisms responsible for hormone resistance are not completely understood, resistance is associated with alterations in ERα; overexpression of proteins that interact with the receptor; and hormone-independent activation of the receptor by growth factor signal transduction pathways. Our previous studies show that in estrogen dependent breast cancer cells, activation of the epidermal growth factor signaling pathway increases intracellular calcium which binds to and activates ERα through sites in the ligand-binding domain of the receptor and that treatment with extracellular calcium increases the concentration of intracellular calcium which activates ERα and induces hormone-independent cell growth. The present study asked whether overexpression of calcium channels contributes to the hormone-independent and -resistant phenotype of breast cancer cells and whether clinically used calcium channel blockers reverse hormone independence and resistance. The results show that hormone-independent and -resistant cells overexpress calcium channels, have high concentrations of intracellular calcium, overexpress estrogen responsive genes and, as expected, grow in the absence of estradiol and that treatment with calcium channel blockers decreased the concentration of intracellular calcium, the expression of estrogen responsive genes and cell growth. More importantly, in hormone-resistant cells, treatment that combined a calcium channel blocker with an antiestrogen reversed resistance to the antiestrogen.

Indexed as

Breast NeoplasmsCalciumCalcium Channel BlockersCalcium ChannelsCell ProliferationDrug Resistance, NeoplasmEstradiolEstrogen Receptor alphaEstrogen Receptor ModulatorsEstrogensFemaleGene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticHumansMCF-7 CellsReceptors, ProgesteroneCalciumCalcium Channel BlockersCalcium ChannelsEstradiolEstrogen Receptor alphaEstrogen Receptor ModulatorsEstrogensReceptors, Progesteronebreast cancercalciumcalcium channelshormone resistance

Identifiers

PMID34289100
PMCPMC9682976
OpenAlexW3185690247

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.