ArticlePloS one2021
Correlation of brachycephaly grade with level of exophthalmos, reduced airway passages and degree of dental malalignment' in Persian cats.
Article in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Morphological and Morphometric Craniofacial Variations in Persian Cats: Anatomical Basis for Brachycephalic-Related Disorders.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Revision Surgical Management of Refractory Nasal Vestibular Stenosis in an Exotic Shorthair Cat Using a Combined Surgical Technique and a Steroid-Eluting Implant (PROPEL Contour).Veterinary sciences · 2026Article
- Characterization of Brachycephalic Obstructive Airway Syndrome in Cats Using Barometric Whole-Body Plethysmography.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2026Article
- Rabbit Dental Abnormalities: Investigation of Conformational Risk Factors in a Pedigree Rabbit Population.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2025Article
- Construction of a Diagnostic Prediction Model for Feline Nasal and Nasopharyngeal Diseases in Japan Using Noninvasive Examinations.Veterinary medicine and science · 2025Article
- Article
- A framework to refocus the conversation around the welfare of UK purebred cats.Animal welfare (South Mimms, England) · 2025Review
- Preliminary Findings on the Morphometric Characteristics of the Olfactory Bulb in the Cat.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- Retrospective study of 540 cats with respiratory diseases in Japan (2003-2020).Veterinary medicine and science · 2024Article
- Prioritization of Appearance over Health and Temperament Is Detrimental to the Welfare of Purebred Dogs and Cats.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2024Article
- CSF flow measurement in the mesencephalic aqueduct using 2D cine phase-contrast MRI in dogs with communicating internal hydrocephalus, ventriculomegaly, and physiologic ventricular spaces.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2024Article
- Surgical correction of stenotic nares using a single pedicle advancement flap technique in three brachycephalic cats.Veterinary medicine and science · 2023Article
- Malocclusion in cats associated with mandibular soft tissue trauma: a retrospective case-control study.Journal of feline medicine and surgery · 2023Article
- Flat-Faced or Non-Flat-Faced Cats? That Is the Question.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023Article
- Teeth out of proportion: Smaller horse and cattle breeds have comparatively larger teeth.Journal of experimental zoology. Part B, Molecular and developmental evolution · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
For many years, there has been a trend to breed cats with an increasing degree of brachycephalic head features, which are known to have a severe impact on the animals' health and welfare. The direct relation between different grades of brachycephaly and their negative implications have not been researched in this species. The aim of this study was therefore to establish correlations between the different grades of brachycephaly and reduced upper respiratory airways, exophthalmos of the eye globes and malalignment of the teeth in Persian cats. Sixty-nine Persian cats of various skull dimensions and ten Domestic shorthair cats were recruited for the study. The cats' skulls were examined using three-dimensional reconstructions created from Computed Tomography datasets. Brachycephaly was graded using established craniometric measurements (facial index, cranial index, skull index, craniofacial angle). The flow area of the nasal passageways at different locations, the amount of the eye globe not supported by the bony orbit and the axial deviation of the teeth were quantified and evaluated for a correlation with the grade of brachycephaly. The results of this study clearly show that increased grades of brachycephaly in Persian cats resulted in larger extra-orbital parts of the ocular bulbs. The brachycephalic skull dimension also resulted in a lower height of the naso-osseal aperture, while other areas of the nasal airways were not correlated with the severity of brachycephaly. Persian cats showed a significantly increased occurrence of premolar tooth displacement in the upper jaw with increasing brachycephaly grades. It was interesting to note that the measured values had a broad range and values of some individual Persian cats showed an overlap with those of Domestic shorthair cats.
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Registered trials
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