ArticleeLife2021
Two NLR immune receptors acquired high-affinity binding to a fungal effector through convergent evolution of their integrated domain.
Article in eLife, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.
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Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed.
- Review
- Fine mapping and functional verification of the Cf-19 gene controlling leaf mold disease resistance in tomato.TAG. Theoretical and applied genetics. Theoretische und angewandte Genetik · 2026Article
- Enemy's arsenal backfires: pathogen proteases detonate broad-spectrum plant immunity via engineered NLRs.Stress biology · 2026Article
- A neighboring NLR negatively regulates the wheat broad-spectrum resistance protein encoded by Pm21.Science China. Life sciences · 2026Article
- Mismatch screening in Nicotiana benthamiana to explore Pik-1/Pik-2 paired NLR platforms for receptor engineering.The New phytologist · 2026Article
- Can AI modeling of protein structures distinguish between sensor and helper NLR immune receptors?The New phytologist · 2025Article
- Local gene duplications drive extensive NLR copy number variation across multiple genotypes of Theobroma cacao.G3 (Bethesda, Md.) · 2025Article
- Reconstructing NOD-like receptor alleles with high internal conservation inMicrobial genomics · 2025Article
- An atypical NLR pair TdCNL1/TdCNL5 from wild emmer confers powdery mildew resistance in wheat.Nature genetics · 2025Article
- Wheat tandem kinase RWT4 directly binds a fungal effector to activate defense.Nature genetics · 2025Article
- Helper NLR immune protein NRC3 evolved to evade inhibition by a cyst nematode virulence effector.PLoS genetics · 2025Article
- Directed Evolution of a Plant Immune Receptor for Broad Spectrum Effector Recognition.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Tandem kinase proteins across the plant kingdom.Nature genetics · 2025Article
- Review
- Zinc-finger (ZiF) fold secreted effectors form a functionally diverse family across lineages of the blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Comparative transcriptomics revealed parallel evolution and innovation of photosymbiosis molecular mechanisms in a marine bivalve.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2024Article
- Development of an NLR-ID Toolkit and Identification of Novel Disease-Resistance Genes in Soybean.Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Plant NLR immunity activation and execution: a biochemical perspective.Open biology · 2024Review
- NLR receptors in plant immunity: making sense of the alphabet soup.EMBO reports · 2023Review
- Allelic compatibility in plant immune receptors facilitates engineering of new effector recognition specificities.The Plant cell · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
A subset of plant NLR immune receptors carry unconventional integrated domains in addition to their canonical domain architecture. One example is rice Pik-1 that comprises an integrated heavy metal-associated (HMA) domain. Here, we reconstructed the evolutionary history of Pik-1 and its NLR partner, Pik-2, and tested hypotheses about adaptive evolution of the HMA domain. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that the HMA domain integrated into Pik-1 before Oryzinae speciation over 15 million years ago and has been under diversifying selection. Ancestral sequence reconstruction coupled with functional studies showed that two Pik-1 allelic variants independently evolved from a weakly binding ancestral state to high-affinity binding of the blast fungus effector AVR-PikD. We conclude that for most of its evolutionary history the Pik-1 HMA domain did not sense AVR-PikD, and that different Pik-1 receptors have recently evolved through distinct biochemical paths to produce similar phenotypic outcomes. These findings highlight the dynamic nature of the evolutionary mechanisms underpinning NLR adaptation to plant pathogens.
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