Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34288521›Full record

ArticleImmunity, inflammation and disease2021

Neutrophil extracellular traps induce a hypercoagulable state in glioma.

Shihua Zhang, Mengfan Guo, Qianzi Liu, Jingfeng Liu, Yankun Cui

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Immunity, inflammation and disease, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
20citing papers in PubMed
1.3field-weighted citation impact, top 20% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

20 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.

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  7. Gliomagenesis following chronic subdural hematoma: A case report.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Shihua ZhangDepartment of Neurosurgery of the First Affiliated Hospital, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China.
Mengfan GuoDepartment of Pathology of the First Affiliated Hospital, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China.
Qianzi LiuDepartment of Pharmacy of Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China.
Jingfeng LiuDepartment of Outpatient of the First Affiliated Hospital, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China.
Yankun CuiDepartment of Neurosurgery of the First Affiliated Hospital, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, China.ORCID 0000-0003-4043-8157
Jiamusi University · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundVenous thromboembolism (VTE) is one of the leading complications in glioma patients. Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) have been reported to play a critical role in the physiopathology of cancer. We aimed to investigate the presence and potential role of NETs in the hypercoagulable state in glioma patients. Moreover, we evaluated the interaction between NETs and endothelial cells (ECs) in glioma patients.

methodsThe plasma levels of NETs were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The NET procoagulant activity was performed based on fibrin formation assays. The NET generation and NET-treated ECs in vitro were observed by confocal microscopy. Activated platelets (PLTs) and PLT-neutrophil aggregates were detected by flow cytometry.

resultsPlasma NET markers were significantly higher in stage III/IV glioma patients than in stage I/II glioma patients and healthy subjects. PLTs from glioma patients tended to induce NET formation than those from healthy subjects. NETs contributed to the hypercoagulable state in glioma patients. After ECs were incubated with NETs isolated from stage III/IV glioma patients, they lost their intercellular connections and were converted into procoagulant phenotypes. Combining DNase I and activated protein C markedly decreased endothelial dysfunction.

conclusionsOur results showed the interaction between NETs and hypercoagulability in glioma patients. Targeting NETs may be a potential therapeutic and prevention direction for thrombotic complications in glioma patients.

Indexed as

Extracellular TrapsGliomaThrombophiliaBlood CoagulationEndothelial CellsHumansendothelial cellsgliomaneutrophil extracellular trapsplateletvenous thromboembolism

Identifiers

PMID34288521
PMCPMC8589396
OpenAlexW3184448456

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.