Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34288237›Full record

ArticleThe oncologist2021

Impact of Sociodemographic Disparities and Insurance Status on Survival of Patients with Early-Onset Colorectal Cancer.

Mohamed E Salem, Alberto Puccini, Sally J Trufan, Wei Sha, Kunal C Kadakia, Marion L Hartley, Laura W Musselwhite, James T Symanowski, Jimmy J Hwang, Derek Raghavan

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The oncologist, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 32 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
32citing papers in PubMed
2.5field-weighted citation impact, top 8% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

32 citing papers in PubMed, 46 citations in OpenAlex.

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  12. Beyond Barriers: Achieving True Equity in Cancer Care.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2025
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Mohamed E SalemDepartments of Solid Tumor Oncology, Levine Cancer Institute, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA.
Alberto PucciniOspedale Policlinico San Martino IRCCS, University of Genova, Genoa, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-2492-4043
Sally J TrufanCancer Biostatistics, Levine Cancer Institute, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA.
Wei ShaCancer Biostatistics, Levine Cancer Institute, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA.
Kunal C KadakiaDepartments of Solid Tumor Oncology, Levine Cancer Institute, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA.
Marion L HartleyThe Ruesch Center for the Cure of Gastrointestinal Cancers at Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Washington, DC, USA.
Laura W MusselwhiteDepartments of Solid Tumor Oncology, Levine Cancer Institute, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA.
James T SymanowskiCancer Biostatistics, Levine Cancer Institute, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA.
Jimmy J HwangDepartments of Solid Tumor Oncology, Levine Cancer Institute, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA.
Derek RaghavanDepartments of Solid Tumor Oncology, Levine Cancer Institute, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA.
Levine Cancer Institute · USGeorgetown Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer CenterOspedale Policlinico San Martino · IT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundLow socioeconomic status (SES) has been linked to worse survival in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC); however, the impact of SES on early-onset CRC remains undescribed. MATERIALS AND

methodsRetrospective analysis of data from the National Cancer Database (NCDB) between 2004 and 2016 was conducted. We combined income and education to form a composite measure of SES. Logistic regression and χ

resultsIn total, 30,903 patients with early-onset CRC were identified, of whom 78.7% were White; 14.5% were Black. Low SES compared with high SES patients were more likely to be Black (26.3% vs. 6.1%) or Hispanic (25.3% vs. 10.5%), have T4 tumors (21.3% vs. 17.8%) and/or N2 disease (13% vs. 11.1%), and present with stage IV disease (32.8% vs. 27.7%) at diagnosis (p < .0001, all comparisons). OS gradually improved with increasing SES at all disease stages (p < .001). In stage IV, the 5-year survival rate was 13.9% vs. 21.7% for patients with low compared with high SES. In multivariable analysis, SES (low vs. high group; adjusted hazard ratio [HR

conclusionPatients with early-onset CRC with low SES had the worst outcomes. Our data suggest that SES should be considered when implementing programs to improve the early detection and treatment of patients with early-onset CRC. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Low socioeconomic status (SES) has been linked to worse survival in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC); however, the impact of SES on early-onset CRC remains undescribed. In this retrospective study of 30,903 patients with early-onset CRC in the National Cancer Database, a steady increase in the yearly rate of stage IV diagnosis at presentation was observed. The risk of death increased as socioeconomic status decreased. Race and insurance status were independent predictors for survival. Implementation of programs to improve access to care and early diagnostic strategies among younger adults, especially those with low SES, is warranted.

Indexed as

Colorectal NeoplasmsSocial ClassHispanic or LatinoHumansInsurance CoverageRetrospective StudiesSocioeconomic FactorsSurvival RateColorectal CancerEarly-onsetSociodemographic disparitySocioeconomic statusSurvivalYoung adult

Identifiers

PMID34288237
PMCPMC8488791
OpenAlexW3184087057

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.