Trial reportBirth (Berkeley, Calif.)2022
The effect of offering a third-trimester routine ultrasound on pregnancy-specific anxiety and mother-to-infant bonding in low-risk women: A pragmatic cluster-randomized controlled trial.
Trial report in Birth (Berkeley, Calif.), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Prenatal attachment interventions: a comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis.Archives of women's mental health · 2025Pooled it
- Cost-Effectiveness of Routine Third Trimester Ultrasound Screening for Fetal Growth Restriction Compared to Care as Usual in Low-Risk Pregnancies: A Pragmatic Nationwide Stepped-Wedge Cluster-Randomized Trial in The Netherlands (the IRIS Study).International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Trial
- The effect of offering a third-trimester routine ultrasound on pregnancy-specific anxiety and mother-to-infant bonding in low-risk women: A pragmatic cluster-randomized controlled trial.Birth (Berkeley, Calif.) · 2022Trial
- Mapping What Works to Strengthen the Relational Ecology of Early Child Development: A Systematic Scoping Review.Clinical child and family psychology review · 2026Article
- Facilitators and barriers to implementation of obstetric ultrasound scanning intervention by midwives within maternal and child health departments of the selected healthcare facilities in four districts of Zambia: experiences of healthcare workers.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Article
- Assessment of anxiety and psychological stress among expectant parents during pregnancy: a scoping review.Revista brasileira de enfermagem · 2025Article
- Effects of 3D ultrasonography and 3D printed images on maternal-fetal attachment and its correlation with overall smoking within pregnancy: a pilot study.3D printing in medicine · 2024Article
- Predicting birth weight at booking.BMJ medicine · 2024Article
- The DELIVER study; the impact of research capacity building on research, education, and practice in Dutch midwifery.PloS one · 2023Article
- 3D printed models in pregnancy and its utility in improving psychological constructs: a case series.3D printing in medicine · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThird-trimester routine ultrasounds are increasingly offered to monitor fetal growth. In addition to limited evidence for its clinical effectiveness, little is known about its importance for pregnancy-specific anxiety and mother-to-infant bonding.
methods1275 low-risk women participated in a Dutch nationwide pragmatic cluster-randomized trial and answered questionnaires on pregnancy-specific anxiety (PRAQ-R) and prenatal mother-to-infant bonding (MAAS) before and after a third-trimester routine ultrasound was offered to the intervention group. Linear mixed model regression analyses were performed to examine the effect of offering a third-trimester routine ultrasound on pregnancy-specific anxiety and mother-to-infant bonding. In addition, we examined whether the effect depended on maternal background characteristics and level of satisfaction with the ultrasound procedure.
resultsWe found no effect of offering a third-trimester routine ultrasound on pregnancy-specific anxiety and mother-to-infant bonding. However, interaction analyses showed that women with high levels of depressive symptoms at baseline and women who were very satisfied with the ultrasound procedure benefited somewhat more from offering a third-trimester routine ultrasound in terms of mother-to-infant bonding compared with women with low or no depressive symptoms, or less satisfied women.
conclusionsThe relationship between offering a third-trimester routine ultrasound with pregnancy-specific anxiety and mother-to-infant bonding is limited. A beneficial effect only applies to some subgroups of women. This implies that, in terms of psychological outcomes, there are no counterarguments to implementing a third-trimester routine ultrasound. Strong evidence for offering all pregnant women a third-trimester routine ultrasound for psychological reasons, however, is lacking.
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