Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34287838›Full record

ArticleCancer2021

Delays in breast cancer care by race and sexual orientation: Results from a national survey with diverse women in the United States.

Tonia C Poteat, Mary Anne Adams, Jowanna Malone, Sophia Geffen, Naomi Greene, Michael Nodzenski, Alexandre G Lockhart, I-Hsuan Su, Lorraine T Dean

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cancer, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
23citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

23 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Anticipated First Contact and Time to Seek Healthcare for Possible Breast Cancer Symptoms: A Cross-Sectional Study in Rural Ghana.Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy · 2025
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Cancer disparities among sexual and gender minority populations.Journal of the National Medical Association · 2023
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Tonia C PoteatDepartment of Social Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.ORCID 0000-0001-6541-3787
Mary Anne AdamsZAMI NOBLA: National Organization of Black Lesbians on Aging, Atlanta, Georgia.
Jowanna MaloneDepartment of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland.ORCID 0000-0002-2846-0012
Sophia GeffenDepartment of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland.
Naomi GreeneDepartment of Health, Behavior, and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland.ORCID 0000-0003-4045-7817
Michael NodzenskiDepartment of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.
Alexandre G LockhartDepartment of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.ORCID 0000-0003-0578-6308
I-Hsuan SuDepartment of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.ORCID 0000-0002-2916-4397
Lorraine T DeanDepartment of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland.ORCID 0000-0002-2272-2755

Funding

Translational Research Central ServicesP30CA006973 · NCI · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI WILLIAM George NELSON · 1985 to 2026
$208.6M
INSTITUTIONAL RESEARCH CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY FELLOWSHIPT32CA009314 · NCI · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI Corinne E. Joshu, Meghan Bridgid Moran · 1985 to 2026
$11.2M
Research Services CoreP2CHD050924 · NICHD · UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL · PI KAREN B GUZZO · 2015 to 2026
$9.6M
Institute for Clinical and Translational ResearchKL2TR001077 · NCATS · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI FORD, DANIEL ERNEST · 2013 to 2017
$9.2M
The Brown Initiative in HIV and AIDS Clinical Research for Minority CommunitiesR25MH083620 · NIMH · MIRIAM HOSPITAL · PI NUNN, AMY STEWART · 2008 to 2025
$3.7M
Social Determinants of Breast Cancer SurvivorshipK01CA184288 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI DEAN, LORRAINE TIERA · 2014 to 2018
$767k
Johns Hopkins University Faculty Innovation FundNCATS NIH HHS KL2 TR001077NCI NIH HHS K01 CA184288NCI NIH HHS P30 CA006973NCI NIH HHS T32 CA009314NICHD NIH HHS P2C HD050924NIMH NIH HHS R25 MH083620
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDespite known differences in breast cancer by both race and sexual orientation, data on the intersectional experiences of Black sexual minority women (BSMW) along the care continuum are scant. This study sought to understand delays in breast cancer care by examining the intersection of race and sexual orientation.

methodsThis online, cross-sectional survey enrolled racially and sexually diverse women aged ≥ 35 years who had been diagnosed with breast cancer within the prior 10 years or had an abnormal screening in the prior 24 months. The authors calculated summary statistics by race/sexual orientation categories, and they conducted univariate and multivariable modeling by using multiple imputation for missing data.

resultsBSMW (n = 101) had the highest prevalence of care delays with 5.17-fold increased odds of a care delay in comparison with White heterosexual women (n = 298) in multivariable models. BSMW reported higher intersectional stigma and lower social support than all other groups. In models adjusted for race, sexual orientation, and income, intersectional stigma was associated with a 2.43-fold increase in care delays, and social support was associated with a 32% decrease in the odds of a care delay.

conclusionsIntersectional stigma may be an important driver of breast cancer inequities for BSMW. Reducing stigma and ensuring access to appropriate social support that addresses known barriers can be an important approach to reducing inequities in the breast cancer care continuum.

Indexed as

Breast NeoplasmsSexual and Gender MinoritiesAdultBlack or African AmericanCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansSexual BehaviorUnited StatesAfrican Americansbreast neoplasmscontinuum of carefemaleintersectionalitysexual and gender minorities

Identifiers

PMID34287838
PMCPMC8684596

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.