Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34286886›Full record

Trial reportAddiction (Abingdon, England)2022

Opioid treatment program and community pharmacy collaboration for methadone maintenance treatment: results from a feasibility clinical trial.

Li-Tzy Wu, William S John, Eric D Morse, Steve Adkins, Jennifer Pippin, Robert K Brooner, Robert P Schwartz

Open access · greenAbstract readClinical Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in Addiction (Abingdon, England), 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
28citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
5.9field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

28 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 44 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  5. Review
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  7. Review
  8. Physical and Mental Health Services in Opioid Treatment Programs.Journal of general internal medicine · 2025
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  17. Delivering MOUD to the Underserved: How Can Pharmacies Really Help?Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs · 2024
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.

Li-Tzy WuDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5909-2259
William S JohnDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA.
Eric D MorseMorse Clinics, Raleigh, NC, USA.
Steve AdkinsHealth Park Pharmacy, Raleigh, NC, USA.
Jennifer PippinHealth Park Pharmacy, Raleigh, NC, USA.
Robert K BroonerJohns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Robert P SchwartzFriends Research Institute, Inc, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Duke University · USNC Department of Health and Human Services · USCarolina Ear, Nose and Throat Clinic · USFriends Research Institute · USJohns Hopkins University · US

Funding

Facilitating the Implementation of Interim Methadone to Increase Treatment Access: A Multi-Site Implementation TrialU01DA046910 · NIDA · FRIENDS RESEARCH INSTITUTE, INC. · PI SCHWARTZ, ROBERT P · 2018 to 2021
$4.8M
NIDA NIH HHS U01 DA046910
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND

aimsPharmacy administration and dispensing of methadone for methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) can expand treatment access for opioid use disorder (OUD). This study investigated the feasibility and acceptability of a novel model permitting an opioid treatment program (OTP) physician to prescribe methadone for OUD treatment through collaboration with a partnered pharmacy.

designNon-randomized, single-arm, open-label feasibility trial.

settingOne OTP and one community pharmacy in the United States.

participantsOne OTP physician, two pharmacists and 20 MMT patients receiving between six and 13 take-home methadone doses at 5-160 mg/day.

interventionPatients' methadone administration and dispensing of take-home doses was transferred from the OTP to the pharmacy for 3 months. MEASUREMENTS: Primary outcome was medication adherence. Secondary outcomes were recruitment, treatment retention, substance use, counseling attendance at the OTP, pharmacist prescription drug monitoring program (PDMP) use, safety and satisfaction.

findingsOf 29 patients eligible at pre-screen, 20 patients (69%) enrolled into the study. Recruitment occurred from 6 August 2020 to 10 October 2020. Treatment retention rate at month 3 was 80% (16 of 20). Two participants returned early to the OTP because of a work/schedule change, one due to pregnancy and one following a non-study-related hospitalization. Medication adherence among 16 patients who were retained was 100%. Intervention fidelity was 100%. All participants attended random call-back visits. None showed evidence of tampering/diversion of methadone. Pharmacists checked the PDMP at all visits. All participants attended psychosocial counseling as planned. There were no positive urine screens for illicit opioid use and no study-related adverse events. All participants endorsed 'pharmacy is the right location for receiving methadone for MMT', 88% endorsed 'convenient or very convenient to receive methadone at the pharmacy' and 88% were satisfied or very satisfied with the quality of treatment offered.

conclusionsThis feasibility trial has found pharmacy administration and dispensing of physician-prescribed methadone for methadone maintenance treatment to be feasible and acceptable.

Indexed as

Opioid-Related DisordersPharmaciesPharmacyAnalgesics, OpioidFeasibility StudiesHumansMethadoneOpiate Substitution TreatmentAnalgesics, OpioidMethadoneCollaborative carecommunity pharmacymethadone maintenance treatmentmethadone prescribingopioid treatment programopioid use disorder

Identifiers

PMID34286886
PMCPMC8748270
OpenAlexW3184162787

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.