ArticleAlimentary pharmacology & therapeutics2021
Immunologic markers and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in hepatitis B virus- and hepatitis C virus-infected individuals.
Article in Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Recent Advancements in Known and Emerging Risk Factors of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Cancer medicine · 2025Pooled it
- CFHR5 promotes colorectal cancer by upregulating COX4I2 to inhibit ferroptosis.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2026Article
- HBV-encoded circRNA-5 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression by regulating the miR-9-3p/Hippo signaling axis.Microbiology spectrum · 2025Article
- Article
- Pre-diagnostic plasma inflammatory proteins and risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in three population-based cohort studies from the United States and the United Kingdom.International journal of cancer · 2024Article
- The human factor H protein family - an update.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Changes in Inflammatory Cytokines After Chronic Hepatitis C Treatment Among People Living With HIV.Open forum infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Pretreatment of UC-MSCs with IFN-α2 improves treatment of liver fibrosis by recruiting neutrophils.Journal of translational medicine · 2023Article
- Serum CXCL5 Detects Early Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Indicates Tumor Progression.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Genetic Susceptibility to Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis Virus Infection.Viruses · 2023Review
- Review
- Assessing Biomarkers in Viral Infection.Advances in experimental medicine and biology · 2023Review
- Exploring the mechanism of JiGuCao capsule formula on treating hepatitis B virus infection via network pharmacology analysis andFrontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
- Association between Immunologic Markers and Cirrhosis in Individuals from a Prospective Chronic Hepatitis C Cohort.Cancers · 2022Article
- Circulating Cytokines Reflect the Etiology-Specific Immune Environment in Cirrhosis and HCC.Cancers · 2022Article
- Tumor Immune Microenvironment Related Gene-Based Model to Predict Prognosis and Response to Compounds in Ovarian Cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2021Article
- Role of Main RNA Methylation in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: N6-Methyladenosine, 5-Methylcytosine, and N1-Methyladenosine.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
14 authors at 6 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundClinical and experimental studies suggest immunologic proteins contribute to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development.
aimTo evaluate circulating immunologic markers and HCC risk.
methodsFrom a Taiwanese cohort of chronically hepatitis B virus (HBV)-infected individuals followed over time (REVEAL-HBV), we sampled 175 who developed HCC, 117 cirrhosis only, and 165 non-cirrhotic controls. From a similar Taiwanese cohort of chronically hepatitis C virus (HCV)-infected individuals (REVEAL-HCV), we included 94 individuals who developed HCC, 68 cirrhosis only and 100 non-cirrhotic controls. We compared pre-diagnostic plasma levels of 102 markers in HCC cases to non-cirrhotic and cirrhotic controls using polytomous logistic regression. A priori markers included insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3), intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) and interleukin 6 (IL-6). P-values for other markers were corrected for multiple testing (false discovery rate = 10%).
resultsIn both REVEAL-HBV and REVEAL-HCV, increasing levels of ICAM-1 were associated with increased risk of HCC compared to non-cirrhotic controls (P-trend 0.02 and 0.001, respectively). In both REVEAL-HBV and REVEAL-HCV, two novel markers [C-X-C motif chemokine 11 (CXCL11) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)] were positively associated [strongest odds ratio
conclusionsWe confirmed the association for ICAM-1 and identified 4 additional proteins associated with HBV- and HCV-related HCC. These findings highlight the importance of immunologic processes in HBV- and HCV-related HCC.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.