Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34286581›Full record

ArticleNano letters2021

Lipid Nanoparticle Spherical Nucleic Acids for Intracellular DNA and RNA Delivery.

Andrew J Sinegra, Michael Evangelopoulos, Jungsoo Park, Ziyin Huang, Chad A Mirkin

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nano letters, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 46 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
46citing papers in PubMed
5.4field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

46 citing papers in PubMed, 86 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Towards mRNA therapeutics 2.0.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2026
    Review
  3. Article
  4. Metal-Phenolic Coatings Enable Universal Design of Spherical Nucleic Acids.Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English) · 2026
    Article
  5. DNA-directed assembly of multivalent lipid nanoparticles for targeted T cell gene delivery.Journal of controlled release : official journal of the Controlled Release Society · 2026
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. A general genome editing strategy using CRISPR lipid nanoparticle spherical nucleic acids.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Photochemical Stabilization of Self-Assembled Spherical Nucleic Acids.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2025
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Northwestern University · US

Funding

STINGing GBM: A First-in- Man Clinical Trial in Surgical Resectable Recurrent GBMP50CA221747 · NCI · NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO · PI Pouya Jamshidi · 2018 to 2026
$21.4M
Developing Capacity to Evaluate Training Programs via Development of Human, Institutional and Social CapitalT32GM008449 · NIGMS · NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY · PI LEONARD, JOSHUA NATHANIEL · 1993 to 2023
$7.8M
Systemic RNA interference to reactivate p53 tumor suppressionR01CA208783 · NCI · NORTHWESTERN UNIVERSITY AT CHICAGO · PI MIRKIN, CHAD A., STEGH, ALEXANDER H. · 2017 to 2021
$1.8M
NCI NIH HHS P50 CA221747NCI NIH HHS R01 CA208783NIGMS NIH HHS T32 GM008449
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Lipid nanoparticle SNAs (LNP-SNAs) have been synthesized for the delivery of DNA and RNA to targets in the cytoplasm of cells. Both the composition of the LNP core and surface-presented DNA sequences contribute to LNP-SNA activity. G-rich sequences enhance the activity of LNP-SNAs compared to T-rich sequences. In the LNP core, increased cholesterol content leads to greater activity. Optimized LNP-SNA candidates reduce the siRNA concentration required to silence mRNA by 2 orders of magnitude compared to liposome-based SNAs. In addition, the LNP-SNA architectures alter biodistribution and efficacy profiles in mice. For example, mRNA within LNP-SNAs injected intravenously is primarily expressed in the spleen, while mRNA encapsulated by LNPs (no DNA on the surface) was expressed primarily in the liver with a relatively small amount in the spleen. These data show that the activity and biodistribution of LNP-SNA architectures are different from those of conventional liposomal SNAs and therefore potentially can be used to target tissues.

Indexed as

LipidsNanoparticlesAnimalsDNAMiceRNA, MessengerRNA, Small InterferingTissue DistributionDNALipidsRNA, MessengerRNA, Small Interferingdrug deliverylipid nanoparticlesRNASpherical nucleic acids

Identifiers

PMID34286581
PMCPMC8385759
OpenAlexW3184843010

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.