ReviewJAC-antimicrobial resistance2021
Extended-spectrum β-lactamases: an update on their characteristics, epidemiology and detection.
Review in JAC-antimicrobial resistance, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 470 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
470 citing papers in PubMed, 705 citations in OpenAlex.
- Dose Selection for Ceftibuten Combined with Avibactam Tomilopil, a Potential Oral Alternative to Carbapenems for Patients with Complicated Urinary Tract Infections.Journal of clinical pharmacology · 2026Trial
- Impact of Macrolide Resistance on Azithromycin for Prevention of Rehospitalization or Death Among Children Discharged From Hospitals in Western Kenya.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2025Trial
- Prevalence of antimicrobial-resistantOne health (Amsterdam, Netherlands) · 2026Article
- First Report of blaMicrobiologyOpen · 2026Article
- Extended spectrum beta-lactamase Klebsiella pneumoniae (ESBL-KP) bloodstream infection outbreak in a Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) in Bangui, Central African Republic (CAR).Antimicrobial resistance and infection control · 2026Article
- Risk-Stratified Effectiveness of Cephamycins Versus Carbapenems for ESBL-ProducingAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Antimicrobial Resistance and Genomic Characteristics of ESBL-ProducingAntibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Extensively drug-resistant ESBL-producing enterobacterales and coexisting antimicrobial resistance genes are associated with mortality in critically ill patients with cancer.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Article
- Comparison of Ceftolozane-Tazobactam Versus Meropenem Regimens in Treating Bloodstream Infections Caused by Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-ProducingJournal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- PEPTiGEN: a tool for mining antimicrobial resistance PEPTides using GENe data of public available repositories.Bioinformatics (Oxford, England) · 2026Article
- Infection prevention and control strategies for multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria in healthcare: a narrative review.JAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2026Review
- Long-term trends in ceftolozane-tazobactam susceptibility among gram-negative pathogens in the United States: a nine-year SMART analysis (2016-2024).JAC-antimicrobial resistance · 2026Article
- Emergence of gene associations in high-risk K. pneumoniae clones: blaArchives of microbiology · 2026Article
- Article
- Genomic surveillance of multidrug-resistant Enterobacterales in a long-term care facility in Northern Italy based on a point prevalence screening.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Comparative analysis of cefoperazone-sulbactam and piperacillin-tazobactam in empirical treatment of acute biliary tract infections: a multicenter, retrospective, real-world study.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Molecular characterization of extended-spectrum β-lactamases-producing Escherichia coli isolated from patients with bacteremia.Brazilian journal of microbiology : [publication of the Brazilian Society for Microbiology] · 2026Article
- Synthesis of 4-Aminoindole-Containing Cephalosporin Prodrugs and Their Biological Activity againstACS infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Occurrence of multidrug-resistant extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producingMicrobiology spectrum · 2026Article
410 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Gram-negative pathogens are a major cause of resistance to expanded-spectrum β-lactam antibiotics. Since their discovery in the early 1980s, they have spread worldwide and an are now endemic in Enterobacterales isolated from both hospital-associated and community-acquired infections. As a result, they are a global public health concern. In the past, TEM- and SHV-type ESBLs were the predominant families of ESBLs. Today CTX-M-type enzymes are the most commonly found ESBL type with the CTX-M-15 variant dominating worldwide, followed in prevalence by CTX-M-14, and CTX-M-27 is emerging in certain parts of the world. The genes encoding ESBLs are often found on plasmids and harboured within transposons or insertion sequences, which has enabled their spread. In addition, the population of ESBL-producing
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.