ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2021
COVID-19 pandemic reveals persistent disparities in nitrogen dioxide pollution.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 39 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 110 citations in OpenAlex.
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- The health burden and racial-ethnic disparities of air pollution from the major oil and gas lifecycle stages in the United States.Science advances · 2025Article
- Physics-Based Spatial Oversampling of TROPOMI NOGeoHealth · 2025Article
- Measuring historical pollution: Natural history collections as tools for public health and environmental justice research.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025Article
- TROPOMI Satellite Data Reshape NOACS ES&T air · 2025Article
- The Epidemiological and Toxicological Intersection of Air Pollution and Dementia.Reviews of environmental contamination and toxicology · 2025Review
- Methods for Quantifying Source-Specific Air Pollution Exposure to Serve Epidemiology, Risk Assessment, and Environmental Justice.GeoHealth · 2024Review
- Neighborhood-Level Nitrogen Dioxide Inequalities Contribute to Surface Ozone Variability in Houston, Texas.ACS ES&T air · 2024Article
- Air pollution impacts from warehousing in the United States uncovered with satellite data.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Racial and ethnic minorities disproportionately exposed to extreme daily temperature variation in the United States.PNAS nexus · 2024Article
- Increasing Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Ambient Air Pollution-Attributable Morbidity and Mortality in the United States.Environmental health perspectives · 2024Article
- Air pollution benefits from reduced on-road activity due to COVID-19 in the United States.PNAS nexus · 2024Article
- Satellite data for environmental justice: a scoping review of the literature in the United States.Environmental research letters : ERL [Web site] · 2024Article
- Ethnoracial Disparities in Nitrogen Dioxide Pollution in the United States: Comparing Data Sets from Satellites, Models, and Monitors.Environmental science & technology · 2023Article
- State-of-the-Science Data and Methods Need to Guide Place-Based Efforts to Reduce Air Pollution Inequity.Environmental health perspectives · 2023Article
- Ambient nitrogen dioxide in 47 187 neighbourhoods across 326 cities in eight Latin American countries: population exposures and associations with urban features.The Lancet. Planetary health · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The unequal spatial distribution of ambient nitrogen dioxide ([Formula: see text]), an air pollutant related to traffic, leads to higher exposure for minority and low socioeconomic status communities. We exploit the unprecedented drop in urban activity during the COVID-19 pandemic and use high-resolution, remotely sensed [Formula: see text] observations to investigate disparities in [Formula: see text] levels across different demographic subgroups in the United States. We show that, prior to the pandemic, satellite-observed [Formula: see text] levels in the least White census tracts of the United States were nearly triple the [Formula: see text] levels in the most White tracts. During the pandemic, the largest lockdown-related [Formula: see text] reductions occurred in urban neighborhoods that have 2.0 times more non-White residents and 2.1 times more Hispanic residents than neighborhoods with the smallest reductions. [Formula: see text] reductions were likely driven by the greater density of highways and interstates in these racially and ethnically diverse areas. Although the largest reductions occurred in marginalized areas, the effect of lockdowns on racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic [Formula: see text] disparities was mixed and, for many cities, nonsignificant. For example, the least White tracts still experienced ∼1.5 times higher [Formula: see text] levels during the lockdowns than the most White tracts experienced prior to the pandemic. Future policies aimed at eliminating pollution disparities will need to look beyond reducing emissions from only passenger traffic and also consider other collocated sources of emissions such as heavy-duty vehicles.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.