ArticleBMJ open2021
Household cooking fuel type and childhood anaemia in sub-Saharan Africa: analysis of cross-sectional surveys of 123, 186 children from 29 countries.
Article in BMJ open, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.
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Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed.
- Association of household air pollution exposure and anemia among pregnant women: Analysis of baseline data from 'Household Air Pollution Intervention Network (HAPIN)' trial.Environment international · 2024Trial
- Exposure to air pollutants is associated with adverse changes in hemoglobin trajectories and an increased risk of anemia in children and adolescents.BMC public health · 2026Article
- Extreme rainfall and anaemia among children under five in 46 low- and middle-income countries.BMJ global health · 2026Article
- Article
- Water, sanitation, and hygiene challenges in last-mile artisanal mining communities in Ghana and Uganda.Dialogues in health · 2025Article
- Childhood Anemia in Mozambique: A Multilevel Mixed-Effects Analysis of 2011-2022/23 Population-Based Surveys.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Environmental Contaminants, Iron Deficiency, and Iron-Deficiency Anemia: A Review of the Literature.Scientifica · 2025Review
- Association between exposure to smoke from cooking fuels and anaemia among women of reproductive age in Ghana.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Smoke exposure, hemoglobin levels and the prevalence of anemia: a cross-sectional study in urban informal settlement in Southern Ghana.BMC public health · 2024Article
- The application of machine learning approaches to determine the predictors of anemia among under five children in Ethiopia.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Article
- Do dietary practices and household environmental quality mediate socio-economic inequalities in child undernutrition risk in West Africa?Public health nutrition · 2023Article
- Sex of household head and other household determinants of childhood anaemia among households in Ghana: regression analysis of the 2019 Malaria Indicator Survey.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2022Article
- Is biomass fuel smoke exposure associated with anemia in non-pregnant reproductive-aged women?PloS one · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
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Abstract
objectiveThis study sought to investigate the joint effect of household cooking fuel type and urbanicity (rural-urban residency) on anaemia among children under the age of five in sub-Saharan Africa.
designWe analysed cross-sectional data of 123, 186 children under the age of five from 29 sub-Saharan African countries gathered between 2010 and 2019 by the Demographic and Health Survey programme. Bivariate (χ OUTCOME MEASURES: Anaemia status of children.
resultsMore than half (64%) of children had anaemia. The percentage of children who suffered from anaemia was high in those born to mothers in Western Africa (75%) and low among those born in Southern Africa (54%). Children from rural households that depend on unclean cooking fuels (aOR=1.120; 95% CI 1.033 to 1.214) and rural households that depend on clean cooking fuels (aOR=1.256; 95% CI 1.080 to 1.460) were more likely to be anaemic as compared with children from urban households using clean cooking fuel. Child's age, sex of child, birth order, perceived birth size, age of mother, body mass index of mother, education, marital status, employment status, antenatal care, wealth quintile, household size, access to electricity, type of toilet facility, source of drinking water and geographic region had significant associations with childhood anaemia status.
conclusionsOur study has established a joint effect of type of household cooking fuel and urbanicity on anaemia among children under the age of five in sub-Saharan Africa. It is therefore critical to promote the usage of clean cooking fuels among households and women in rural areas. These should be done taking into consideration the significant child, maternal, household, and contextual factors identified in this study.
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