ArticleJournal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology2021
Physiologic Frailty and Neurocognitive Decline Among Young-Adult Childhood Cancer Survivors: A Prospective Study From the St Jude Lifetime Cohort.
Article in Journal of clinical oncology : official journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Multi-Concept Frailty Predicts the Late-Life Occurrence of Cognitive Decline or Dementia: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Longitudinal Studies.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2022Pooled it
- Frailty and neurocognitive impairments in Chinese survivors of childhood cancer.Journal of cancer survivorship : research and practice · 2026Article
- Social roles and emotional distress are associated with successful aging in adult childhood cancer survivors.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- High burden of geriatric assessment impairments across the adult age spectrum in patients with cancer.The oncologist · 2026Article
- An integrated analysis of three medulloblastoma clinical trials refines risk-stratification approaches for reducing toxicity and improving survival.Neuro-oncology · 2026Article
- Epigenetic age acceleration, telomere length, and neurocognitive function in long-term survivors of childhood cancer.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Brief preoperative frailty predicts postoperative adverse outcomes in older patients with radical esophageal cancer surgery.BMC geriatrics · 2025Article
- Paediatric Endocrinology: Before and Beyond 'Ringing the Bell'.Journal of paediatrics and child health · 2025Article
- Pain and Frailty in Childhood Cancer Survivors: A Narrative Review.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2024Review
- Using neurocognitive phenotypes to inform interventions for adult survivors of childhood cancer.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2024Article
- Charting Health Challenges for Digital Preventive Interventions Among Adult Survivors of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: National Long-Term Follow-Up Survey of Self-Rated Health Outcomes.JMIR formative research · 2024Article
- A scoping review evaluating physical and cognitive functional outcomes in cancer survivors treated with chemotherapy: charting progress since the 2018 NCI think tank on cancer and aging phenotypes.Journal of cancer survivorship : research and practice · 2024Article
- Article
- Associations of seven measures of biological age acceleration with frailty and all-cause mortality among adult survivors of childhood cancer in the St. Jude Lifetime Cohort.Nature cancer · 2024Article
- Cognitive Flexibility Is Selectively Impaired by Radiation and Is Associated with Differential Recruitment of Adult-Born Neurons.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2023Article
- Premature aging as an accumulation of deficits in young adult survivors of pediatric cancer.Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2023Article
- Premature aging in childhood cancer survivors.Oncology letters · 2023Review
- Article
- Chemobrain: An accelerated aging process linking adenosine AInternational review of neurobiology · 2023Review
- Processing efficiency in pediatric cancer survivors: A review and operationalization for outcomes research and clinical utility.Brain and behavior · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeEight percent of young-adult childhood cancer survivors meet criteria for frailty, an aging phenotype associated with poor health. In the elderly general population, frailty is associated with neurocognitive decline; this association has not been examined in adult survivors of childhood cancer.
methodsChildhood cancer survivors 18-45 years old (≥ 10 years from diagnosis) were clinically evaluated for prefrailty or frailty (respectively defined as ≥ 2 or ≥ 3 of: muscle wasting, muscle weakness, low energy expenditure, slow walking speed, and exhaustion [Fried criteria]) and completed neuropsychologic assessments at enrollment (January 2008-June 2013) and 5 years later. Weighted linear regression using inverse of sampling probability estimates as weights compared differences in neurocognitive decline in prefrail and frail survivors versus nonfrail survivors, adjusting for diagnosis age, sex, race, CNS-directed therapy (cranial radiation, intrathecal chemotherapy, and neurosurgery), and baseline neurocognitive performance.
resultsSurvivors were on average 30 years old and 22 years from diagnosis; 18% were prefrail and 6% frail at enrollment. Frail survivors declined an average of 0.54 standard deviation (95% CI, -0.93 to -0.15) in short-term verbal recall, whereas nonfrail survivors did not decline (β = .22; difference of βs = -.76; 95% CI, -1.19 to -0.33). Frail survivors declined more than nonfrail survivors on visual-motor processing speed (β = -.40; 95% CI, -0.67 to -0.12), cognitive flexibility (β = -.62; 95% CI, -1.02 to -0.22), and verbal fluency (β = -.23; 95% CI, -0.41 to -0.05). Prefrail and frail survivors experienced greater declines in focused attention (prefrail β = -.35; 95% CI, -0.53 to -0.17; frail β = -.48; 95% CI, -0.83 to -0.12) compared with nonfrail survivors.
conclusionOver approximately 5 years, prefrail and frail young-adult survivors had greater declines in cognitive domains associated with aging and dementia compared with nonfrail survivors. Interventions that have global impact, designed to target the mechanistic underpinnings of frailty, may also mitigate or prevent neurocognitive decline.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.