Trial reportProbiotics and antimicrobial proteins2021
Human Systemic Immune Response to Ingestion of the Oral Probiotic Streptococcus salivarius BLIS K12.
Trial report in Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 19 citations in OpenAlex.
- Current Understanding of Probiotic Strains and Immune Function: From Gut Microbiota to Systemic Immunity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Attenuated efficacy of Streptococcus salivarius K12 against Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in mice.BMC microbiology · 2026Article
- Effectiveness ofFrontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- The role of probiotics in controlling oral biofilm formation and mitigating oral squamous-cell carcinoma risk.Archives of microbiology · 2025Review
- Probiotic, Prebiotic, and Synbiotic Supplementation for the Prevention and Treatment of Acute Otitis Media: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- The Genomic Characteristics of Potential Probiotics: TwoMicroorganisms · 2025Article
- Potential pharmacological effect of Quercetin Phytosome™ in the management of hyperuricemia: results from real-life clinical studies.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- [Protective effect ofNan fang yi ke da xue xue bao = Journal of Southern Medical University · 2024Article
- Efficacy ofMicroorganisms · 2024Article
- Interferon Gamma Response in Human Saliva Following Exposure to the Oral Probiotic Streptococcus salivarius BLIS K12.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2024Article
- Membrane-Active Peptides and Their Potential Biomedical Application.Pharmaceutics · 2023Review
- Multimodal immune cell phenotyping in GI biopsies reveals microbiome-related T cell modulations in human GvHD.Cell reports. Medicine · 2023Article
- Beneficial modulation of human health in the oral cavity and beyond using bacteriocin-like inhibitory substance-producing streptococcal probiotics.Frontiers in microbiology · 2023Review
- Clinical Effects ofMicroorganisms · 2022Article
- Effects ofFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Streptococcus salivarius K12 is an oral probiotic known to contribute to protection against oral pathogenic bacteria in humans. Studies of immune responses to S. salivarius K12 have focused on the oral cavity, and systemic immune responses have not yet been reported. The aim of this study was to identify acute systemic immune responses to the commercial product, S. salivarius BLIS K12, in a double-blinded, placebo-controlled human clinical trial. It was hypothesised that consumption of S. salivarius BLIS K12 would induce an anti-inflammatory response and a decrease in pro-inflammatory cytokines. Blood samples were obtained from participants prior to a single dose of S. salivarius BLIS K12 or a placebo and then secondary blood samples were obtained 24 h and 7 days post-consumption. Samples were analysed using multi-parametric flow cytometry, to quantify immune cell frequency changes, and by a LEGENDplex assay of human inflammatory cytokines. Consumption of S. salivarius BLIS K12 was associated with increased levels of IL-8 at 24 h. The frequency of Tregs increased in samples taken 7 days after probiotic consumption, and IL-10 concentrations were higher at 7 days than 24 h after consumption. There was no difference in the frequency and/or activation of CD4
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.