ArticleCancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII2022
Expansion of cytotoxic natural killer cells in multiple myeloma patients using K562 cells expressing OX40 ligand and membrane-bound IL-18 and IL-21.
Article in Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 34 citations in OpenAlex.
- Acquisition of Vimentin by trogocytosis inhibits the NK cell-mediated immune response against circulating tumour cells (CTCs).Cellular & molecular immunology · 2026Article
- Improved expansion of peripheral blood and iPSC-derived natural killer cells for clinical applications.Cell reports methods · 2026Article
- Article
- Overcoming resistance in CD44-overexpressing myeloma through combination therapy with ATRA, bortezomib, and NK cells.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2026Article
- Optimization of Natural Killer Cell Expansion with K562-mbIL-18/-21 Feeder Cells and Assurance of Feeder Cell-free Products.Annals of laboratory medicine · 2026Article
- Therapeutic cancer vaccines: navigating clinical translation and multimodal synergy.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Antibody-Mediated In Vitro Activation and Expansion of Blood Donor-Derived Natural Killer Cells with Transient Anti-Tumor Efficacy.Biomedicines · 2025Article
- Modulation of NK Cell Properties by ESKAPE Group Bacteria.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- A novel feeder cell based on 4-1BBL and membrane-bound IL-21/IL-15 induce highly expansion and anti-tumor effect of natural killer cells.BMC biotechnology · 2025Article
- Cytokines in Focus: IL-2 and IL-15 in NK Adoptive Cell Cancer Immunotherapy.Immune network · 2025Review
- Recent advances in feeder-free NK cell expansion as a future direction of adoptive cell therapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Recent advances in tumor immunotherapy based on NK cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Feeder cell training shapes the phenotype and function of in vitro expanded natural killer cells.MedComm · 2024Article
- Review
- Evaluating a combination treatment of NK cells and reovirus against bladder cancer cells using an in vitro assay to simulate intravesical therapy.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Therapeutic potential of interleukin-21 in cancer.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Comparison of the different anti-CD16 antibody clones in the activation and expansion of peripheral blood NK cells.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Expanded natural killer cells potentiate the antimyeloma activity of daratumumab, lenalidomide, and dexamethasone in a myeloma xenograft model.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2023Article
- Natural Killer Cell Expansion and Cytotoxicity Differ Depending on the Culture Medium Used.Annals of laboratory medicine · 2022Article
- Selective Expansion of NKG2C+ Adaptive NK Cells Using K562 Cells Expressing HLA-E.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
17 authors at 7 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundNatural killer (NK) cell-based immunotherapy is a promising treatment approach for multiple myeloma (MM), but obtaining a sufficient number of activated NK cells remains challenging. Here, we report an improved method to generate ex vivo expanded NK (eNK) cells from MM patients based on genetic engineering of K562 cells to express OX40 ligand and membrane-bound (mb) IL-18 and IL-21.
methodsK562-OX40L-mbIL-18/-21 cells were generated by transducing K562-OX40L cells with a lentiviral vector encoding mbIL-18 and mbIL-21, and these were used as feeder cells to expand NK cells from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of healthy donors (HDs) and MM patients in the presence of IL-2/IL-15. Purity, expansion rate, receptor expression, and functions of eNK cells were determined over four weeks of culture.
resultsNK cell expansion was enhanced by short exposure of soluble IL-18 and IL-21 with K562-OX40L cells. Co-culture of NK cells with K562-OX40L-mbIL-18/-21 cells resulted in remarkable expansion of NK cells from HDs (9,860-fold) and MM patients (4,929-fold) over the 28-day culture period. Moreover, eNK cells showed increased expression of major activation markers and enhanced cytotoxicity towards target K562, U266, and RPMI8226 cells.
conclusionsOur data suggest that genetically engineered K562 cells expressing OX40L, mbIL-18, and mbIL-21 improve the expansion of NK cells, increase activation signals, and enhance their cytolytic activity towards MM cells.
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