Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34282450›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of epidemiology2022

Excess all-cause mortality and COVID-19-related mortality: a temporal analysis in 22 countries, from January until August 2020.

Souzana Achilleos, Annalisa Quattrocchi, John Gabel, Alexandros Heraclides, Ourania Kolokotroni, Constantina Constantinou, Maider Pagola Ugarte, Nicoletta Nicolaou, Jose Manuel Rodriguez-Llanes, Catherine Marie Bennett and 36 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of epidemiology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 43 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
43citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

43 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  15. Mortality in Germany during the COVID-19 Pandemic.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

46 authors.

Souzana AchilleosDepartment of Primary Care and Population Health, University of Nicosia Medical School, Nicosia, Cyprus.ORCID 0000-0002-1688-9225
Annalisa QuattrocchiDepartment of Primary Care and Population Health, University of Nicosia Medical School, Nicosia, Cyprus.ORCID 0000-0002-5764-6721
John GabelUniversity of Nicosia Medical School, Nicosia, Cyprus.
Alexandros HeraclidesDepartment of Primary Care and Population Health, University of Nicosia Medical School, Nicosia, Cyprus.ORCID 0000-0002-1304-3275
Ourania KolokotroniDepartment of Primary Care and Population Health, University of Nicosia Medical School, Nicosia, Cyprus.ORCID 0000-0002-7653-002X
Constantina ConstantinouDepartment of Basic and Clinical Sciences, University of Nicosia Medical School, Nicosia, Cyprus.
Maider Pagola UgarteUniversity of Nicosia Medical School, Nicosia, Cyprus.
Nicoletta NicolaouDepartment of Basic and Clinical Sciences, University of Nicosia Medical School, Nicosia, Cyprus.
Jose Manuel Rodriguez-LlanesEuropean Commission Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy.
Catherine Marie BennettSchool of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia.
Ekaterina BogatyrevaSchool of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia.
Eva SchernhammerDepartment of Epidemiology, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.ORCID 0000-0002-4337-9415
Claudia ZimmermannDepartment of Epidemiology, Center for Public Health, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
Antonio Jose Leal CostaInstitute of Studies in Collective Health (IESC), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Jackeline Christiane Pinto LobatoDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Collective Health (ISC), Fluminense Federal University Niterói, Brazil.
Ngibo Mubeta FernandesNational Health Observatory, National Institute of Public Health, Praia, Cape Verde.
Ana Paula Semedo-AguiarNature, Life and Environment Sciences Department, University Jean Piaget of Cape Verde, Praia, Cape Verde.
Gloria Isabel Jaramillo RamirezMedicine Faculty, Cooperative University of Colombia, Villavicencio, Colombia.
Oscar Dario Martin GarzonMedicine Faculty, Cooperative University of Colombia, Villavicencio, Colombia.
Laust Hvas MortensenDepartment of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Methods and Analysis, Statistics Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Julia A CritchleyPopulation Health Research Institute, St George's, University of London, London, UK.
Lucy P GoldsmithPopulation Health Research Institute, St George's, University of London, London, UK.
Gleb DenissovDepartment of Registries, National Institute for Health Development, Tallinn, Estonia.
Kristi RüütelDepartment of Drug and Infectious Diseases Epidemiology, National Institute for Health Development, Tallinn, Estonia.
Nolwenn Le MeurUniversity of Rennes, EHESP, REPERES-EA 7449, Rennes, France.ORCID 0000-0001-8451-4014
Levan KandelakiNational Center for Disease Control and Public Health, Tbilisi, Georgia.
Shorena TsiklauriNational Statistics Office of Georgia, Tbilisi, Georgia.
Joan O'DonnellHSE-Health Protection Surveillance Centre, Dublin, Ireland.
Ajay OzaHSE-Health Protection Surveillance Centre, Dublin, Ireland.
Zalman KaufmanIsrael Center of Disease Control, Ministry of Health, Ramat Gan, Israel.
Inbar ZuckerIsrael Center of Disease Control, Ministry of Health, Ramat Gan, Israel.
Giuseppe AmbrosioDepartment of Medicine, University of Perugia School of Medicine, Perugia, Italy.
Fabrizio StracciDepartment of Medicine, University of Perugia School of Medicine, Perugia, Italy.
Terje P HagenDepartment of Health Management and Health Economics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Ivan ErzenPublic Health School, National Institute of Public Health, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Petra KlepacCommunicable Diseases, National Institute of Public Health, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Pedro Arcos GonzálezDepartment of Medicine, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.
Ángel Fernández CamporroDepartment of Medicine, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.
Bo BurströmDepartment of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Nataliia PidmurniakFaculty of Medicine, Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine.
Olesia VerstiukFaculty of Medicine, Bogomolets National Medical University, Kyiv, Ukraine.
Qian HuangSC Center for Rural and Primary Health Care and Department of Geography, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.
Neil Kishor MehtaDepartment of Preventive Medicine and Population Health, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA.
Antonis PolemitisUniversity of Nicosia, Nicosia, Cyprus.
Andreas CharalambousUniversity of Nicosia Medical School, Nicosia, Cyprus.
Christiana A DemetriouDepartment of Primary Care and Population Health, University of Nicosia Medical School, Nicosia, Cyprus.ORCID 0000-0003-4002-2880

Funding

University of Nicosia Medical School
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThis study aimed to investigate overall and sex-specific excess all-cause mortality since the inception of the COVID-19 pandemic until August 2020 among 22 countries.

methodsCountries reported weekly or monthly all-cause mortality from January 2015 until the end of June or August 2020. Weekly or monthly COVID-19 deaths were reported for 2020. Excess mortality for 2020 was calculated by comparing weekly or monthly 2020 mortality (observed deaths) against a baseline mortality obtained from 2015-2019 data for the same week or month using two methods: (i) difference in observed mortality rates between 2020 and the 2015-2019 average and (ii) difference between observed and expected 2020 deaths.

resultsBrazil, France, Italy, Spain, Sweden, the UK (England, Wales, Northern Ireland and Scotland) and the USA demonstrated excess all-cause mortality, whereas Australia, Denmark and Georgia experienced a decrease in all-cause mortality. Israel, Ukraine and Ireland demonstrated sex-specific changes in all-cause mortality.

conclusionsAll-cause mortality up to August 2020 was higher than in previous years in some, but not all, participating countries. Geographical location and seasonality of each country, as well as the prompt application of high-stringency control measures, may explain the observed variability in mortality changes.

Indexed as

COVID-19FemaleFranceHumansItalyMaleMortalityPandemicsSARS-CoV-2COVID-19infection controlmortalitypandemicSARS-CoV-2

Identifiers

PMID34282450
PMCPMC8344815

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.