ArticleNature genetics2021
Distinction between the effects of parental and fetal genomes on fetal growth.
Article in Nature genetics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 62 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
62 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 96 citations in OpenAlex.
- Multi-ancestry, trans-generational GWAS meta-analysis of gestational diabetes and glycaemic traits during pregnancy reveals limited evidence of pregnancy-specific genetic effects.Nature communications · 2026Pooled it
- Genome-wide association meta-analysis identifies five loci associated with postpartum hemorrhage.Nature genetics · 2024Pooled it
- Genetic effects on the timing of parturition and links to fetal birth weight.Nature genetics · 2023Pooled it
- Birth Weight and Neurodevelopmental Disorders Across Diagnostic Categories: A Registry-Based Case-Control Study in Clinically Ascertained Samples.Child psychiatry and human development · 2026Article
- Maternal and fetal genetic predispositions to insulin deficiency and resistance affect fetal growth through distinct pathways.Diabetologia · 2026Article
- Genetic and maternal environmental contributions to estimated fetal weight at 20 weeks gestation compared with birthweight.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Birth weight of term born offspring in relation to long-term maternal cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.European journal of epidemiology · 2026Article
- A rapid review of genetic association studies of parent-of-origin effects and fetal growth.Molecular and cellular pediatrics · 2026Review
- Examining the association between fetal HLA-C, maternal KIR haplotypes and birth weight.PLoS genetics · 2026Article
- Genetic score associations with birthweight in preterm-born infants compared with term-born infants.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Prenatal famine exposure restricts genetic effects on birth weight with implications for metabolic disease risk.Communications medicine · 2026Article
- Prenatal Exposure to Artificial Light at Night and the Offspring's First 1000-Day Growth: A Prospective Metabolomic and Gene-Environment Interaction Study.Environmental science & technology · 2026Article
- A polygenic growth score and risk for large for gestational age birth weight.Journal of the Endocrine Society · 2026Article
- Life-course influence of birthweight and subsequent pathways on healthy aging: a Mendelian randomization study.BMC medicine · 2026Article
- Improving the accuracy of fetal growth restriction diagnosis by integrating fetal genetic growth potential: a proof of concept study.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2026Article
- Causal effects of maternal BMI on pregnancy outcomes: a Mendelian randomisation study investigating the mediating role of blood counts.Frontiers in genetics · 2026Article
- Genomic approaches to understanding pregnancy phenotypes and birth outcomes and their links with long-term maternal and offspring health-the value of distinguishing maternal and fetal genetic effects.Frontiers in genetics · 2026Review
- Fetal Polygenic Growth Score and Risk for Large for Gestational Age Birth Weight in Nulliparas: Secondary Analysis of a Prospective Cohort Study.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025Article
- Article
- Use of a Maternal Genetic Risk Score to Derive and Test a Genetically Customized Fetal Growth Curve.O&G open · 2025Article
2 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
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Authors and funding
22 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Birth weight is a common measure of fetal growth that is associated with a range of health outcomes. It is directly affected by the fetal genome and indirectly by the maternal genome. We performed genome-wide association studies on birth weight in the genomes of the child and parents and further analyzed birth length and ponderal index, yielding a total of 243 fetal growth variants. We clustered those variants based on the effects of transmitted and nontransmitted alleles on birth weight. Out of 141 clustered variants, 22 were consistent with parent-of-origin-specific effects. We further used haplotype-specific polygenic risk scores to directly test the relationship between adult traits and birth weight. Our results indicate that the maternal genome contributes to increased birth weight through blood-glucose-raising alleles while blood-pressure-raising alleles reduce birth weight largely through the fetal genome.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.