ArticleNature microbiology2021
MX2-mediated innate immunity against HIV-1 is regulated by serine phosphorylation.
Article in Nature microbiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.
- MX2 Mediates Collapse of the HIV-1 Capsid.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Early Transcriptomic Signatures of Immune Response Modulation Following Antiretroviral Therapy in HIV-Infected Patients.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Identification of Age-Related Characteristic Genes Involved in Severe COVID-19 Infection Among Elderly Patients Using Machine Learning and Immune Cell Infiltration Analysis.Biochemical genetics · 2025Article
- Sodium propionate protects against bronchopulmonary dysplasia by inhibiting IL-17-mediated apoptosis of alveolar epithelial cells.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Interferon-induced MXB protein restricts vimentin-dependent viral infection.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2024Article
- Virus specificity and nucleoporin requirements for MX2 activity are affected by GTPase function and capsid-CypA interactions.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Robust machine-learning based prognostic index using cytotoxic T lymphocyte evasion genes highlights potential therapeutic targets in colorectal cancer.Cancer cell international · 2024Article
- Emerging roles of the Protein Phosphatase 1 (PP1) in the context of viral infections.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2024Review
- Virus specificity and nucleoporin requirements for MX2 activity are affected by GTPase function and capsid-CypA interactions.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Review
- Quantifying stimulus-response specificity to probe the functional state of macrophages.Cell systems · 2023Article
- MX2 Viral Substrate Breadth and Inhibitory Activity Are Regulated by Protein Phosphorylation.mBio · 2022Article
- Schlafens Can Put Viruses to Sleep.Viruses · 2022Review
- MxB inhibits long interspersed element type 1 retrotransposition.PLoS genetics · 2022Article
- Human immunodeficiency virus-1 core: The Trojan horse in virus-host interaction.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Review
- Review
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The antiviral cytokine interferon activates expression of interferon-stimulated genes to establish an antiviral state. Myxovirus resistance 2 (MX2, also known as MxB) is an interferon-stimulated gene that inhibits the nuclear import of HIV-1 and interacts with the viral capsid and cellular nuclear transport machinery. Here, we identified the myosin light chain phosphatase (MLCP) subunits myosin phosphatase target subunit 1 (MYPT1) and protein phosphatase 1 catalytic subunit-β (PPP1CB) as positively-acting regulators of MX2, interacting with its amino-terminal domain. We demonstrated that serine phosphorylation of the N-terminal domain at positions 14, 17 and 18 suppresses MX2 antiviral function, prevents interactions with the HIV-1 capsid and nuclear transport factors, and is reversed by MLCP. Notably, serine phosphorylation of the N-terminal domain also impedes MX2-mediated inhibition of nuclear import of cellular karyophilic cargo. We also found that interferon treatment reduces levels of phosphorylation at these serine residues and outline a homeostatic regulatory mechanism in which repression of MX2 by phosphorylation, together with MLCP-mediated dephosphorylation, balances the deleterious effects of MX2 on normal cell function with innate immunity against HIV-1.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.