ArticleGenetics in medicine : official journal of the American College of Medical Genetics2021
Multisite investigation of strategies for the clinical implementation of pre-emptive pharmacogenetic testing.
Article in Genetics in medicine : official journal of the American College of Medical Genetics, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers.
What it found
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed.
- CYP2D6-guided opioid therapy for adults with cancer pain: A randomized implementation clinical trial.Pharmacotherapy · 2023Trial
- Review
- Trial of Preemptive Pharmacogenetic Testing in Underserved Patients (TOPP UP): Study Framework and Baseline Characteristics of Randomized Controlled Trial Participants.Clinical and translational science · 2026Article
- Pre-emptive pharmacogenetic testing in Italy: a review of evidence and multidisciplinary consensus on key priorities for implementation.Frontiers in public health · 2026Review
- Implementation of preemptive pharmacogenetic testing: progress, puzzles and priorities from an implementation science perspective.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
- Preferences for implementing pharmacogenomics in pediatric primary care: a discrete choice experiment.Pediatric research · 2025Article
- Pharmacogenomics in the UK National Health Service: Progress towards implementation.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2025Review
- Low-cost generation of clinical-grade, layperson-friendly pharmacogenetic passports using oligonucleotide arrays.American journal of human genetics · 2025Article
- Development of an Ancestrally Inclusive Preemptive Pharmacogenetic Testing Panel.Clinical and translational science · 2025Article
- Implementation of pre-emptive testing of a pharmacogenomic panel in clinical practice: Where do we stand?British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2025Review
- Pharmacogenetics: Opportunities for theAnnual review of pharmacology and toxicology · 2025Review
- The Pharmacogenomics Global Research Network Implementation Working Group: global collaboration to advance pharmacogenetic implementation.Pharmacogenetics and genomics · 2025Article
- Barriers and facilitators of the use of clinical informatics resources to facilitate pharmacogenomic implementation in resource-limited settings.JAMIA open · 2024Article
- A national-wide survey on clinical implementation of PGx testing into precision therapeutics for Chinese children: a long way before standard clinical practice.BMC health services research · 2024Article
- Pharmacogenetics in Italy: current landscape and future prospects.Human genomics · 2024Review
- Implementation of clopidogrel pharmacogenetic clinical decision support for a preemptive return of results program.American journal of health-system pharmacy : AJHP : official journal of the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists · 2024Article
- Decoding Pharmacogenomic Test Interpretation and Application to Patient Care.Journal of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy : JACCP · 2024Article
- Drug-Gene Risk Stratification in Patients with Suspected Drug-Induced Interstitial Lung Disease.Drug safety · 2024Observational
- Precision pharmacotherapy of atomoxetine in children with ADHD: how to ensure the right dose for the right person?Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- Estimated clinical utility of multi-gene pharmacogenetic testing in a retrospective cohort of gynecology patients.Pharmacogenomics · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
22 authors.
Funding
Abstract
purposeThe increased availability of clinical pharmacogenetic (PGx) guidelines and decreasing costs for genetic testing have slowly led to increased utilization of PGx testing in clinical practice. Pre-emptive PGx testing, where testing is performed in advance of drug prescribing, is one means to ensure results are available at the time of prescribing decisions. However, the most efficient and effective methods to clinically implement this strategy remain unclear.
methodsIn this report, we compare and contrast implementation strategies for pre-emptive PGx testing by 15 early-adopter institutions. We surveyed these groups, collecting data on testing approaches, team composition, and workflow dynamics, in addition to estimated third-party reimbursement rates.
resultsWe found that while pre-emptive PGx testing models varied across sites, institutions shared several commonalities, including methods to identify patients eligible for testing, involvement of a precision medicine clinical team in program leadership, and the implementation of pharmacogenes with Clinical Pharmacogenetics Implementation Consortium guidelines available. Finally, while reimbursement rate data were difficult to obtain, the data available suggested that reimbursement rates for pre-emptive PGx testing remain low.
conclusionThese findings should inform the establishment of future implementation efforts at institutions considering a pre-emptive PGx testing program.
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