ArticleNature communications2021
Specificities of exosome versus small ectosome secretion revealed by live intracellular tracking of CD63 and CD9.
Article in Nature communications, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 530 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
530 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 881 citations in OpenAlex.
- The diagnostic and prognostic potential of extracellular vesicles as biomarkers for thyroid cancer: a systematic review.Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany) · 2025Pooled it
- The effects of aerobic and resistance exercise on the lipid profile of extracellular vesicles.European journal of applied physiology · 2026Trial
- Towards a systematic understanding of the diverse subtypes, biogenesis and functions of large extracellular vesicles.Nature reviews. Molecular cell biology · 2026Review
- The Role of EVs in the Aging Hematopoietic System.Aging cell · 2026Review
- Shear Stress-Stimulated Trafficking of Endothelial Piezo1 to Splenic Capsule Boosts Spleen Contraction and Exercise Endurance.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2026Article
- Electrical Stimulation-Induced Modulation of Small Extracellular Vesicles in Regenerative Therapy.Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine · 2026Review
- Enrichment and Proteomic Profiling of Stromal-Associated Extracellular Vesicle Subpopulations From Arthritic Synovial Fluid by Size-Exclusion Chromatography Coupled to CD90-Directed Immunocapture.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2026Article
- Systemic health impact of cancer-associated extracellular vesicles and particles.Nature reviews. Cancer · 2026Review
- A Novel Reporter Mouse for Astrocyte-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Reveals Enrichment of Cargo at Neuronal Mitochondria.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2026Article
- Lipid Cargo of Small Extracellular Vesicles as a Novel Contributor to Cardiovascular Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- How is Nanoarchitectonics Shaping Extracellular Vesicle Research?Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Review
- Skeletal muscle‑derived extracellular vesicles in multi‑organ degenerative disease: Mechanisms and therapeutic delivery perspectives (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Review
- A Scalable Bioreactor Platform for Reproducible Production and Characterization of Ovarian Cancer-Derived Extracellular Vesicles.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Proteasome-Enriched hPPSCs-Derived EVs Attenuate Hypoxic Injury in Endothelial Cells via Proteasome-Mediated HIF-1α Degradation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- ID3 -depleted human induced pluripotent stem cell-derived neural stem/progenitor cells promote neurorepair.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Stress-Induced Switch in Small Extracellular Vesicle Secretion: From Constitutive 'Torn Bag Mechanism' to Exocytosis.Journal of extracellular vesicles · 2026Article
- Interaction of HS1BP3 with cortactin modulates TKS5 localisation, cell secretion and cancer malignancy.Molecular oncology · 2026Article
- Extracellular-Vesicle-Associated Nucleic Acids in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Respiratory Diseases: A Narrative Review.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Exosomal KL-6 surpasses total plasma KL-6 in the diagnosis of Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD).Respiratory research · 2026Article
- Exosomes in cancer drug resistance: dual roles in therapy failure and emerging precision therapeutics.Cancer cell international · 2026Review
470 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Despite their roles in intercellular communications, the different populations of extracellular vesicles (EVs) and their secretion mechanisms are not fully characterized: how and to what extent EVs form as intraluminal vesicles of endocytic compartments (exosomes), or at the plasma membrane (PM) (ectosomes) remains unclear. Here we follow intracellular trafficking of the EV markers CD9 and CD63 from the endoplasmic reticulum to their residency compartment, respectively PM and late endosomes. We observe transient co-localization at both places, before they finally segregate. CD9 and a mutant CD63 stabilized at the PM are more abundantly released in EVs than CD63. Thus, in HeLa cells, ectosomes are more prominent than exosomes. By comparative proteomic analysis and differential response to neutralization of endosomal pH, we identify a few surface proteins likely specific of either exosomes (LAMP1) or ectosomes (BSG, SLC3A2). Our work sets the path for molecular and functional discrimination of exosomes and small ectosomes in any cell type.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.