Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34281500›Full record

SynthesisThe journal of headache and pain2021

The chronobiology of migraine: a systematic review.

Amanda Holmen Poulsen, Samaira Younis, Janu Thuraiaiyah, Messoud Ashina

Abstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in The journal of headache and pain, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
25citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

25 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Overlapping pathways of migraine and the endocannabinoid system: Potential therapeutic targets.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2026
    Review
  6. Sleep and Headache Disorders: What a Clinician Needs to Know.Current neurology and neuroscience reports · 2026
    Review
  7. Article
  8. The effect of standard time to daylight-saving clock transition on sleep and migraine headaches.Journal of clinical sleep medicine : JCSM : official publication of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine · 2026
    Observational
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. BioClocks UK: driving robust cycles of discovery to impact.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2025
    Review
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Intelligent Digital Twins for Personalized Migraine Care.Journal of personalized medicine · 2023
    Review
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Amanda Holmen PoulsenDanish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Valdemar Hansen Vej 5, DK-2600, Glostrup, Denmark.
Samaira YounisDanish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Valdemar Hansen Vej 5, DK-2600, Glostrup, Denmark.
Janu ThuraiaiyahDanish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Valdemar Hansen Vej 5, DK-2600, Glostrup, Denmark.
Messoud AshinaDanish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Valdemar Hansen Vej 5, DK-2600, Glostrup, Denmark. ashina@dadlnet.dk.

Funding

Lundbeckfonden R310-2018-3711
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe paroxysmal nature of migraine is a hallmark of the disease. Some patients report increased attack frequency at certain seasons or towards the end of the week, while others experience diurnal variations of migraine attack onset. This systematic review investigates the chronobiology of migraine and its relation to the periodicity of attacks in existing literature to further understand the oscillating nature of migraine. MAIN BODY: PubMed and Embase were systematically searched and screened for eligible articles with outcome measures relating to a circadian, weekly or seasonal distribution of migraine attacks. We found that the majority of studies reported morning hours (6 am-12 pm) as the peak time of onset for migraine attacks. More studies reported Saturday as weekly peak day of attack. There was no clear seasonal variation of migraine due to methodological differences (primarily related to location), however four out of five studies conducted in Norway reported the same yearly peak time indicating a possible seasonal periodicity phenomenon of migraine.

conclusionsThe findings of the current review suggest a possible role of chronobiologic rhythms to the periodicity of migraine attacks. Future studies are, however, still needed to provide more knowledge of the oscillating nature of migraine.

Indexed as

Migraine DisordersCircadian RhythmHumansNorwaySeasonschronobiologycircadianMigraineperiodicityseasonalweekly

Identifiers

PMID34281500
PMCPMC8287677

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.