ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2021
Immune-Related Urine Biomarkers for the Diagnosis of Lupus Nephritis.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risk factors for acute kidney injury in Chinese patients with lupus nephritis: a meta-analysis.BMC nephrology · 2026Pooled it
- The Renal Activity Index for Lupus: Validation for Prediction of Kidney Inflammation in Adult Patients With Lupus Nephritis.The Journal of rheumatology · 2026Trial
- The Renal Activity Index for Lupus Identifies Active Renal Disease and Treatment Response in Adult Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and Lupus Nephritis.Arthritis care & research · 2026Article
- Machine learning-driven discovery of STAT1 and TRIM22 as immune biomarkers for lupus nephritis: translational insights into diagnosis and pathogenesis.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Predictive Value of Laboratory Assays Toward Autoimmune Diseases.Journal of clinical laboratory analysis · 2025Article
- Identification of urinary bacterial genes as biomarkers for non-invasive diagnosis of renal lupus.Biomarker research · 2025Article
- Urine Afamin as a biomarker of lupus nephritis.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Exploring potential multiple molecular biomarkers that predict treatment response in patients with lupus nephritis.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Article
- Urinary biomarkers for active Lupus Nephritis that have survived independent validation across cohorts.Kidney international · 2024Review
- Sex differences in mortality among patients with lupus nephritis.European journal of medical research · 2024Article
- Review
- Investigating the value of urinary biomarkers in relation to lupus nephritis histopathology: present insights and future prospects.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Review
- Lupus Nephritis Risk Factors and Biomarkers: An Update.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Decipher the Immunopathological Mechanisms and Set Up Potential Therapeutic Strategies for Patients with Lupus Nephritis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Circulating exosomal microRNAs as biomarkers of lupus nephritis.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Article
- The Bladder Microbiome, Metabolome, Cytokines, and Phenotypes in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.Microbiology spectrum · 2022Article
- Intertwined pathways of complement activation command the pathogenesis of lupus nephritis.Translational research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine · 2022Review
- Transcriptome Studies in Lupus Nephritis.Archivum immunologiae et therapiae experimentalis · 2022Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The kidney is one of the main organs affected by the autoimmune disease systemic lupus erythematosus. Lupus nephritis (LN) concerns 30-60% of adult SLE patients and it is significantly associated with an increase in the morbidity and mortality. The definitive diagnosis of LN can only be achieved by histological analysis of renal biopsies, but the invasiveness of this technique is an obstacle for early diagnosis of renal involvement and a proper follow-up of LN patients under treatment. The use of urine for the discovery of non-invasive biomarkers for renal disease in SLE patients is an attractive alternative to repeated renal biopsies, as several studies have described surrogate urinary cells or analytes reflecting the inflammatory state of the kidney, and/or the severity of the disease. Herein, we review the main findings in the field of urine immune-related biomarkers for LN patients, and discuss their prognostic and diagnostic value. This manuscript is focused on the complement system, antibodies and autoantibodies, chemokines, cytokines, and leukocytes, as they are the main effectors of LN pathogenesis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.