Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34281004›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2021

Changes in Health Behaviors, Mental and Physical Health among Older Adults under Severe Lockdown Restrictions during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Spain.

Esther García-Esquinas, Rosario Ortolá, Iago Gine-Vázquez, José A Carnicero, Asier Mañas, Elvira Lara, Alejandro Alvarez-Bustos, German Vicente-Rodriguez, Mercedes Sotos-Prieto, Beatriz Olaya and 13 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 49 papers, 10 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
49citing papers in PubMed, 10 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

49 citing papers in PubMed, 10 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  8. Changes in Physical Activity Patterns Due to the Covid-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022
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  19. Changes in well-being among socially isolated older people during the COVID-19 pandemic: An outcome-wide analysis.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

23 authors.

Esther García-EsquinasDepartment of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-8688-5174
Rosario OrtoláDepartment of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain.ORCID 0000-0001-6952-9533
Iago Gine-VázquezParc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, 08830 Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-6725-2638
José A CarniceroFoundation for Biomedical Research, Getafe University Hospital, 28905 Getafe, Spain.
Asier MañasCIBERFES (CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-1683-1365
Elvira LaraCIBERSAM (CIBER of Mental Health), 28029 Madrid, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-7424-2198
Alejandro Alvarez-BustosFoundation for Biomedical Research, Getafe University Hospital, 28905 Getafe, Spain.
German Vicente-RodriguezGENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón IA2, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50013 Zaragoza, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-4303-4097
Mercedes Sotos-PrietoDepartment of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain.ORCID 0000-0001-9127-2586
Beatriz OlayaParc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, 08830 Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain.ORCID 0000-0003-2046-3929
Francisco José Garcia-GarciaCIBERFES (CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
Narcis GusiCIBERFES (CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
Jose R BanegasDepartment of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain.ORCID 0000-0001-6152-9862
Irene Rodríguez-GómezCIBERFES (CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-1622-7109
Ellen A StruijkDepartment of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
David Martínez-GómezDepartment of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
Alberto LanaDepartment of Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universidad de Oviedo/ISPA, 33003 Oviedo, Spain.
Josep María HaroParc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu, 08830 Sant Boi de Llobregat, Spain.
José Luis Ayuso-MateosCIBERSAM (CIBER of Mental Health), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
Leocadio Rodríguez-MañasFoundation for Biomedical Research, Getafe University Hospital, 28905 Getafe, Spain.
Ignacio AraCIBERFES (CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-2854-6684
Marta MiretCIBERSAM (CIBER of Mental Health), 28029 Madrid, Spain.ORCID 0000-0003-3252-854X
Fernando Rodríguez-ArtalejoDepartment of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain.ORCID 0000-0001-9317-5755

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We used data from 3041 participants in four cohorts of community-dwelling individuals aged ≥65 years in Spain collected through a pre-pandemic face-to-face interview and a telephone interview conducted between weeks 7 to 15 after the beginning of the COVID-19 lockdown. On average, the confinement was not associated with a deterioration in lifestyle risk factors (smoking, alcohol intake, diet, or weight), except for a decreased physical activity and increased sedentary time, which reversed with the end of confinement. However, chronic pain worsened, and moderate declines in mental health, that did not seem to reverse after restrictions were lifted, were observed. Males, older adults with greater social isolation or greater feelings of loneliness, those with poorer housing conditions, as well as those with a higher prevalence of chronic morbidities were at increased risk of developing unhealthier lifestyles or mental health declines with confinement. On the other hand, previously having a greater adherence to the Mediterranean diet and doing more physical activity protected older adults from developing unhealthier lifestyles with confinement. If another lockdown were imposed during this or future pandemics, public health programs should specially address the needs of older individuals with male sex, greater social isolation, sub-optimal housing conditions, and chronic morbidities because of their greater vulnerability to the enacted movement restrictions.

Indexed as

COVID-19PandemicsAgedCommunicable Disease ControlHealth BehaviorHumansMaleSARS-CoV-2Spainchronic painconfinementCOVID-19elderlylifestyle behaviorslockdownmental health

Identifiers

PMID34281004
PMCPMC8297096

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.