ArticleBiology open2021
Muscle forces and the demands of human walking.
Article in Biology open, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed.
- Immediate improvements in post-stroke gait biomechanics are induced with both real-time limb position and propulsive force biofeedback.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2023Trial
- Testing the limits: the impact of extreme functional hip width on the muscular demands of walking.Biology open · 2026Article
- A Wearable In-Pad Diagnostic for the Detection of Disease Biomarkers in Menstruation Blood.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Muscle forces and the demands of turning while walking.Biology open · 2025Article
- Hip stabilization in an australopithecine-like hip: the influence of shape on muscle activation.Biology open · 2025Article
- The Influence of an Eight-Week Home Exercise Program on Spatiotemporal and Kinetic Characteristics of Gait and Knee Function in Women with Severe Knee Osteoarthritis Scheduled for Arthroplasty.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
- Implications of variability in triceps surae muscle volumes on peak lower limb muscle forces during human walking.PloS one · 2025Article
- Muscle-inspired bi-planar cable routing: a novel framework for designing cable driven lower limb rehabilitation exoskeletons (C-LREX).Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Might patients with cerebellar ataxia benefit from the Computer Assisted Rehabilitation ENvironment (CAREN)? A pilot study focusing on gait and balance.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2024Article
- American Society of Biomechanics Journal of Biomechanics Award 2021: Exploring the Functional Boundaries and Metabolic Consequences of Triceps Surae Force-Length Relations during Walking.Journal of biomechanics · 2023Article
- An Optoelectronics-Based Compressive Force Sensor with Scalable Sensitivity.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Article
- Sensitivity of musculoskeletal models to variation in muscle architecture parameters.Evolutionary human sciences · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Reconstructing the locomotor behavior of extinct animals depends on elucidating the principles that link behavior, function, and morphology, which can only be done using extant animals. Within the human lineage, the evolution of bipedalism represents a critical transition, and evaluating fossil hominins depends on understanding the relationship between lower limb forces and skeletal morphology in living humans. As a step toward that goal, here we use a musculoskeletal model to estimate forces in the lower limb muscles of ten individuals during walking. The purpose is to quantify the consistency, timing, and magnitude of these muscle forces during the stance phase of walking. We find that muscles which act to support or propel the body during walking demonstrate the greatest force magnitudes as well as the highest consistency in the shape of force curves among individuals. Muscles that generate moments in the same direction as, or orthogonal to, the ground reaction force show lower forces of greater variability. These data can be used to define the envelope of load cases that need to be examined in order to understand human lower limb skeletal load bearing.
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Registered trials
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