ReviewAnnals of translational medicine2021
Turning 'Cold' tumors 'Hot': immunotherapies in sarcoma.
Review in Annals of translational medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immune checkpoint inhibitors combined with tyrosine kinase inhibitors for soft-tissue sarcomas: a systematic review and single-arm meta-analysis.The oncologist · 2025Pooled it
- Introduction to animal modelling: factors and tools for choosing the optimal model for sarcoma research-a comprehensive literature review.Translational cancer research · 2026Review
- Nonsense-mediated mRNA decay inhibits TRAF6-dependent anti-tumor immunity in colorectal cancer.Cell reports. Medicine · 2025Article
- Genetically Modified Mouse Models for Sarcoma Research: A Comprehensive Review.Current oncology reports · 2025Review
- Review
- Tumor-Immune Interactions in Pediatric Oral Rhabdomyosarcoma: A Narrative Review on Immuno-Oncology and Emerging Therapies.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Article
- Potential Mechanisms for Immunotherapy Resistance in Adult Soft-Tissue Sarcoma.Targeted oncology · 2025Review
- Review
- Targeting myeloid-derived suppressor cells in the tumor microenvironment: potential therapeutic approaches for osteosarcoma.Oncology research · 2025Review
- Integrative analysis of T cell-associated markers in Ewing sarcoma reveals prognostic signatures and immune dynamics.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Challenges and hope: latest research trends in the clinical treatment and prognosis of liposarcoma.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Review
- Intratumoural immunotherapy plus focal thermal ablation for localized prostate cancer.Nature reviews. Urology · 2024Review
- Efficacy and safety of the combination of anlotinib and envafolimab in the treatment of unresectable or metastatic liposarcoma: findings from a single-center retrospective study.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Article
- Sarcoma Immunotherapy: Confronting Present Hurdles and Unveiling Upcoming Opportunities.Molecules and cells · 2023Review
- Pharmacological EZH2 inhibition combined with retinoic acid treatment promotes differentiation and apoptosis in rhabdomyosarcoma cells.Clinical epigenetics · 2023Article
- Integrative analyses of bulk microarray data to discover genes, pathways, and immune infiltration characteristics associated with targeting of Ewing sarcoma.Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology · 2023Article
- The combination of eddy thermal effect of biodegradable magnesium with immune checkpoint blockade shows enhanced efficacy against osteosarcoma.Bioactive materials · 2023Article
- The Midwest Sarcoma Trials Partnership: Bridging Academic and Community Networks in a Collaborative Approach to Sarcoma.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Immunotherapies have an established role in the management of several advanced malignancies. Their responses are largely dependent on the presence of PD-L1, microsatellite instability (MSI), and high tumor mutation burden. Sarcomas are heterogenous tumors which comprise over 100 subtypes. They are broadly considered immunologically inert or "cold". Immunotherapy as monotherapy has shown interesting responses in a certain handful of subtypes, such as undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma, dedifferentiated and pleomorphic liposarcoma, and alveolar soft part sarcoma. However, the mechanisms of action of immunotherapy agents in several sarcoma subtypes remains unknown. Several sarcoma types such as leiomyosarcoma have been shown to have an immunosuppressive microenvironment. Early clinical studies suggest the emergence of B cell infiltration in sarcoma tumor tissues as well as the role of PD-1 and PD-L1 as biomarkers of response. Immunotherapy combinations with conventional chemotherapies, radiation therapies, tyrosine kinase inhibitors and oncolytic viruses are showing promise in turning these "cold" tumors "hot". Several novel agents as well as repurposing therapies with the potential to enhance immunotherapy responses are undergoing pre-clinical and clinical studies in other tumor types. Herein we review current clinical studies which have explored the use of immunotherapeutic agents in the management of sarcomas and discuss the challenges and future directions.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.