ReviewFrontiers in immunology2021
The Mammalian Metaorganism: A Holistic View on How Microbes of All Kingdoms and Niches Shape Local and Systemic Immunity.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Unveiling the viral dimension: The paediatric gut virome as a key modulator of gastrointestinal metabolic, and neurodevelopmental health.World journal of virology · 2026Review
- Trimethylamine-Annals of medicine · 2025Review
- Mucosal immune responses and intestinal microbiome associations in wild spotted hyenas (Crocuta crocuta).Communications biology · 2025Article
- Interplay of human ABCC11 transporter gene variants with axillary skin microbiome functional genomics.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- The Microbiota of the Outer Gut Mucus Layer of the Migrating Northeast Arctic Cod (Microorganisms · 2024Article
- Host Species Affects Gut Microbial Community and Offspring Developmental Performances in the Pupal ParasitoidInsects · 2024Article
- The potential importance of the built-environment microbiome and its impact on human health.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- The epithelium takes the stage in asthma and inflammatory bowel diseases.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2024Review
- The archaeome in metaorganism research, with a focus on marine models and their bacteria-archaea interactions.Frontiers in microbiology · 2024Article
- Unlocking the potential of targeting histone-modifying enzymes for treating IBD and CRC.Clinical epigenetics · 2023Review
- One population, multiple lifestyles: Commensalism and pathogenesis in the human mycobiome.Cell host & microbe · 2023Review
- Human airway and lung microbiome at the crossroad of health and disease (Review).Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2023Review
- Capturing the environment of the Clostridioides difficile infection cycle.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2022Review
- The Immune Response in Adipocytes and Their Susceptibility to Infection: A Possible Relationship with Infectobesity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Controlled Complexity: Optimized Systems to Study the Role of the Gut Microbiome in Host Physiology.Frontiers in microbiology · 2021Review
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The field of microbiome research has developed rapidly over the past decades and has become a topic of major interest to basic, preclinical, and clinical research, the pharmaceutical industry as well as the general public. The microbiome is a complex and diverse ecosystem and defined as the collection of all host-associated microorganisms and their genes. It is acquired through vertical transmission and environmental exposure and includes microbes of all kingdoms: bacteria, archaea, prokaryotic and eukaryotic viruses, fungi, protozoa, and the meiofauna. These microorganisms co-evolved with their respective hosts over millions of years, thereby establishing a mutually beneficial, symbiotic relationship on all epithelial barriers. Thus, the microbiome plays a pivotal role in virtually every aspect of mammalian physiology, particularly in the development, homeostasis, and function of the immune system. Consequently, the combination of the host genome and the microbial genome, together referred to as the metagenome, largely drives the mammalian phenotype. So far, the majority of studies have unilaterally focused on the gastrointestinal bacterial microbiota. However, recent work illustrating the impact of viruses, fungi, and protozoa on host immunity urges us towards a holistic view of the mammalian microbiome and the appreciation for its non-bacterial kingdoms. In addition, the importance of microbiota on epithelial barriers other than the gut as well as their systemic effects
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.