ArticleFrontiers in immunology2021
Comparison of Surrogate Markers of the Type I Interferon Response and Their Ability to Mirror Disease Activity in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- Advances in the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus: Biologicals, small-molecular agents, and cell-depleting therapies coming to the clinic.Journal of internal medicine · 2026Review
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- Galectin-9 potentiates salivary gland damage by inducing ferroptosis in Sjogren's disease.Journal of molecular medicine (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Article
- Uncovering Mediating Mechanisms Linking Immune Cells to Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Insights into Mendelian Randomization.Endocrine, metabolic & immune disorders drug targets · 2026Article
- Interferon alpha-induced uPAR expression on monocytes as a potential source of increased soluble uPAR in patients with SLE at high risk of developing organ damage.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2025Article
- Differential Expression of Galectin-1 and Galectin-9 in Immune-Mediated Inflammatory Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Potential Biomarkers in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.JMA journal · 2025Review
- Type 1 interferon signature and allograft inflammatory factor-1 contribute to refractoriness to TNF inhibition in ankylosing spondylitis.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Elevated serum interferon-α2 associates with activity and flare risk in juvenile-onset systemic lupus erythematosus.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2025Article
- Anti-histone and anti-nucleosome rather than anti-dsDNA antibodies associate with IFN-induced biomarkers in Sudanese and Swedish SLE patients.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2025Article
- Identification ofJournal of inflammation research · 2025Article
- Uncoupling interferons and the interferon signature explains clinical and transcriptional subsets in SLE.Cell reports. Medicine · 2024Article
- Deregulation in adult IgA vasculitis skin as the basis for the discovery of novel serum biomarkers.Arthritis research & therapy · 2024Article
- Serum and urine interferon-inducible protein 10, galectin-9, and SIGLEC-1 as biomarkers of disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus.Turkish journal of medical sciences · 2024Article
- Combined proteomics and single cell RNA-sequencing analysis to identify biomarkers of disease diagnosis and disease exacerbation for systemic lupus erythematosus.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- MDA5 signaling induces type 1 IFN- and IL-1-dependent lung vascular permeability which protects mice from opportunistic fungal infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Affected Microcirculation and Vascular Hemodynamics in Takayasu Arteritis.Frontiers in physiology · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objectives: Type I interferons (IFNs) are central and reflective of disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, IFN-α levels are notoriously difficult to measure and the type I IFN gene signature (IGS) is not yet available in clinical routine. This study evaluates galectin-9 and an array of chemokines/cytokines in their potential as surrogate markers of type I IFN and/or SLE disease activity. Methods: Healthy controls and well-characterized Swedish SLE patients from two cross-sectional cohorts ( Results: The IGS was significantly (p<0.01) correlated with galectin-9 (rho=0.54) and CXCL10 (rho=0.37) levels whereas serum IFN-α correlated with galectin-9 (rho=0.36), CXCL10 (rho=0.39), CCL19 (rho=0.26) and CCL2 (rho=0.19). The strongest correlation was observed between galectin-9 and TNF (rho=0.56). IFN-α and disease activity (SLEDAI-2K) were correlated (rho=0.20) at cross-sectional analysis, but no significant associations were found between SLEDAI-2K and galectin-9 or chemokines. Several inflammatory mediators increased at disease exacerbation although CCL19, CXCL11, CXCL10, IL-10 and IL-1 receptor antagonist were most pronounced. Immune complex-stimulation of PBMC increased the production of CCL2, CXCL8 and TNF. Conclusion: Galectin-9 and CXCL10 were associated with type I IFN in SLE but correlated stronger with TNF. None of the investigated biomarkers showed a convincing association with disease activity, although CXCL10 and CCL19 performed best in this regard.
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