ArticleJournal of autoimmunity2021
CD8 follicular T cells localize throughout the follicle during germinal center reactions and maintain cytolytic and helper properties.
Article in Journal of autoimmunity, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- An "old" cytokine's new trick: IL-1β in B cells and the germinal center.Function (Oxford, England) · 2026Review
- Tissue-distinct Features of Follicular Cytotoxic CD8bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Immunological dysregulation of follicular helper T cells, follicular regulatory T cells, and follicular cytotoxic T cells is associated with disease activity and identifies exploratory immune patterns in rheumatoid arthritis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Follicular CD8+ T cells in Trypanosoma cruzi infection: helpers or killers depending on the target B cell population.PLoS pathogens · 2025Article
- The role of CD40L-expressing CXCR5Immunologic research · 2025Article
- Highly immunogenic DNA/LION nanocarrier vaccine potently activates lymph nodes inducing long-lasting immunity in macaques.iScience · 2025Article
- B-1 cells contribute to increased total IgM and shape IgG autoreactivity profiles in Lyn-/- mice but are not a major source of lupus-associated pathogenic autoantibodies.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Platelets as a potential new immune coordinator in T cell-mediated aplastic anemia.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Review
- An angel or a devil? Current view on the role of CD8Journal of translational medicine · 2024Review
- CXCR5Frontiers in medicine · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Follicular CXCR5+ PD-1+ CD8 T cells (CD8 Tfc) arise in multiple models of systemic autoimmunity yet their functional contribution to disease remains in debate. Here we define the follicular localization and functional interactions of CD8 Tfc with B cells during autoimmune disease. The absence of functional T regulatory cells in autoimmunity allows for CD8 Tfc development that then expands with lymphoproliferation. CD8 Tfc are identifiable within the lymph nodes and spleen during systemic autoimmunity, but not during tissue-restricted autoimmune disease. Autoimmune CD8 Tfc cells are polyfunctional, producing helper cytokines IL-21, IL-4, and IFNγ while maintaining cytolytic proteins CD107a, granzyme B, and TNF. During autoimmune disease, IL-2-KO CD8 T cells infiltrate the B cell follicle and germinal center, including the dark zone, and in vitro induce activation-induced cytidine deaminase in naïve B cells via IL-4 secretion. CD8 Tfc represent a unique CD8 T cell population with a diverse effector cytokine repertoire that can contribute to pathogenic autoimmune B cell response.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.