Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34273276›Full record

ArticleDevelopmental cell2021

Specialized endothelial tip cells guide neuroretina vascularization and blood-retina-barrier formation.

Georgia Zarkada, Joel P Howard, Xue Xiao, Hyojin Park, Mathilde Bizou, Severine Leclerc, Steffen E Künzel, Blanche Boisseau, Jinyu Li, Gael Cagnone and 4 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Developmental cell, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 82 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
82citing papers in PubMed
6.0field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

82 citing papers in PubMed, 118 citations in OpenAlex.

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  18. Atypical p38 Kinase Signaling in Retinal Vascular Damage and Recovery.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2025
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22 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.

Georgia ZarkadaYale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.
Joel P HowardCentre de Recherche, CHU St. Justine, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada.
Xue XiaoCentre de Recherche, CHU St. Justine, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; Département de Pathologie et Biologie Cellulaire, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada.
Hyojin ParkYale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.
Mathilde BizouCentre de Recherche, CHU St. Justine, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; Département de Pathologie et Biologie Cellulaire, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada.
Severine LeclercCentre de Recherche, CHU St. Justine, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada.
Steffen E KünzelYale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.
Blanche BoisseauCentre de Recherche, CHU St. Justine, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada.
Jinyu LiYale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.
Gael CagnoneCentre de Recherche, CHU St. Justine, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada.
Jean Sebastien JoyalCentre de Recherche, CHU St. Justine, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada.
Gregor AndelfingerCentre de Recherche, CHU St. Justine, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada.
Anne EichmannYale Cardiovascular Research Center, Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA; Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA. Electronic address: anne.eichmann@yale.edu.
Alexandre DubracCentre de Recherche, CHU St. Justine, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada; Département de Pathologie et Biologie Cellulaire, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada. Electronic address: alexandre.dubrac@umontreal.ca.
Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine · CAYale University · USUniversité de Montréal · CA

Funding

IMMUNOHEMATOLOGY/TRANSFUSION MEDICINE RESEARCH TRAININGT32HL007974 · NHLBI · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI JEANNE E HENDRICKSON, Diane S Krause · 2001 to 2026
$8.1M
Yale Core Grant for Vision ResearchP30EY026878 · NEI · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI Jonathan B Demb · 2016 to 2026
$7.1M
Dynamic control of vascular permeability in development and diseaseR01HL149343 · NHLBI · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI EICHMANN, ANNE CHRISTINE, SIMONS, MICHAEL · 2019 to 2022
$3.3M
Novel approaches to manipulate sprouting angiogenesisR01EY025979 · NEI · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI EICHMANN, ANNE CHRISTINE · 2015 to 2019
$1.9M
Targeting TGFB signaling to treat ocular neovascular diseaseK99EY029375 · NEI · YALE UNIVERSITY · PI ZARKADA, GEORGIA · 2018 to 2019
$194k
CIHR PJT-165871NEI NIH HHS K99 EY029375NEI NIH HHS P30 EY026878NEI NIH HHS R01 EY025979NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL149343NHLBI NIH HHS T32 HL007974
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Endothelial tip cells guiding tissue vascularization are primary targets for angiogenic therapies. Whether tip cells require differential signals to develop their complex branching patterns remained unknown. Here, we show that diving tip cells invading the mouse neuroretina (D-tip cells) are distinct from tip cells guiding the superficial retinal vascular plexus (S-tip cells). D-tip cells have a unique transcriptional signature, including high TGF-β signaling, and they begin to acquire blood-retina barrier properties. Endothelial deletion of TGF-β receptor I (Alk5) inhibits D-tip cell identity acquisition and deep vascular plexus formation. Loss of endothelial ALK5, but not of the canonical SMAD effectors, leads to aberrant contractile pericyte differentiation and hemorrhagic vascular malformations. Oxygen-induced retinopathy vasculature exhibits S-like tip cells, and Alk5 deletion impedes retina revascularization. Our data reveal stage-specific tip cell heterogeneity as a requirement for retinal vascular development and suggest that non-canonical-TGF-β signaling could improve retinal revascularization and neural function in ischemic retinopathy.

Indexed as

AnimalsEndothelial CellsEndothelium, VascularMiceMice, KnockoutNeovascularization, PhysiologicReceptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type IRetinaRetinal NeovascularizationRetinal VesselsSignal TransductionTransforming Growth Factor betaReceptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type ITgfbr1 protein, mouseTransforming Growth Factor betaALK5blood-retina barrierretina angiogenesissingle-cell RNA sequencingSMAD-independent signalingsprouting angiogenesisTGF-β signalingtip cell

Identifiers

PMID34273276
PMCPMC9951594
OpenAlexW3185798240

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.