Trial reportBJU international2022
'Pain-free TRUS B': a phase 3 double-blind placebo-controlled randomized trial of methoxyflurane with periprostatic local anaesthesia to reduce the discomfort of transrectal ultrasonography-guided prostate biopsy (ANZUP 1501).
Trial report in BJU international, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06899724 (A Randomized Multicentre Placebo Controlled Non-inferiority Study of Intravenous Sedation Versus Methoxyflurane During Hysteroscopy.), which is not on this map. Cited by 7 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Randomized Multicentre Placebo Controlled Non-inferiority Study of Intravenous Sedation Versus Methoxyflurane During Hysteroscopy.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Inhaled methoxyflurane (Penthrox) use in the outpatient and ambulatory setting: a systematic review.BMJ open · 2025Pooled it
- Combination of intrarectal heated lidocaine gel and periprostatic nerve block for pain control during transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy: A prospective randomized trial.Investigative and clinical urology · 2025Trial
- Transperineal prostate biopsy under local vs general anaesthesia: a cost-effectiveness analysis.BJU international · 2025Article
- Risk Factors and Contemporary Management Options for Pain and Discomfort Experienced During a Prostate Biopsy.Current urology reports · 2024Review
- Current Approach to Complications and Difficulties during Transrectal Ultrasound-Guided Prostate Biopsies.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Review
- Literature review on the use of methoxyflurane in the management of pain in cancer-related procedures.Supportive care in cancer : official journal of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer · 2023Review
- Comparison of intrarectal heated lidocaine gel and periprostatic nerve block for pain control in transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy: A randomized controlled non-inferiority trial.Prostate international · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
24 authors at 13 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo determine whether the addition of inhaled methoxyflurane to periprostatic infiltration of local anaesthetic (PILA) during transrectal ultrasonography-guided prostate biopsies (TRUSBs) improved pain and other aspects of the experience. PATIENTS AND
methodsWe conducted a multicentre, placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized phase 3 trial, involving 420 men undergoing their first TRUSB. The intervention was PILA plus a patient-controlled device containing either 3 mL methoxyflurane, or 3 mL 0.9% saline plus one drop of methoxyflurane to preserve blinding. The primary outcome was the pain score (0-10) reported by the participant after 15 min. Secondary outcomes included ratings of other aspects of the biopsy experience, willingness to undergo future biopsies, urologists' ratings, biopsy completion, and adverse events.
resultsThe mean (SE) pain scores 15 min after TRUSB were 2.51 (0.22) in those assigned methoxyflurane vs 2.82 (0.22) for placebo (difference 0.31, 95% confidence interval [CI] -0.75 to 0.14; P = 0.18). Methoxyflurane was associated with better scores for discomfort (difference -0.48, 95% CI -0.92 to -0.03; P = 0.035, adjusted [adj.] P = 0.076), whole experience (difference -0.50, 95% CI -0.92 to -0.08; P = 0.021, adj. P = 0.053), and willingness to undergo repeat biopsies (odds ratio 1.67, 95% CI 1.12-2.49; P = 0.01) than placebo. Methoxyflurane resulted in higher scores for drowsiness (difference +1.64, 95% CI 1.21-2.07; P < 0.001, adj. P < 0.001) and dizziness (difference +1.78, 95% CI 1.31-2.24; P < 0.001, adj. P < 0.001) than placebo. There was no significant difference in the number of ≥ grade 3 adverse events.
conclusionsWe found no evidence that methoxyflurane improved pain scores at 15 min, however, improvements were seen in patient-reported discomfort, overall experience, and willingness to undergo repeat biopsies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.