ArticleAnnals of emergency medicine2021
The Rapid Evaluation of COVID-19 Vaccination in Emergency Departments for Underserved Patients Study.
Article in Annals of emergency medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- Vaccine acceptance, determinants, and attitudes toward vaccine among people experiencing homelessness: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC infectious diseases · 2023Pooled it
- Effect of COVID-19 Vaccine Messaging Platforms in Emergency Departments on Vaccine Acceptance and Uptake: A Cluster Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA internal medicine · 2023Trial
- Patients' Perspectives on Emergency Department COVID-19 Vaccination and Vaccination Messaging Through Randomized Vignettes.Public health reports (Washington, D.C. : 1974)Trial
- Emergency Department Survey of Vaccination Knowledge, Vaccination Coverage, and Willingness to Receive Vaccines in an Emergency Department Among Underserved Populations - Eight U.S. Cities, April-December, 2024.MMWR. Morbidity and mortality weekly report · 2025Article
- Covid-19 Vaccine Hesitancy and Under-Vaccination among Marginalized Populations in the United States and Canada: A Scoping Review.Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities · 2025Article
- An evaluation of COVID-19 vaccine messaging platforms in the emergency department.Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine · 2024Article
- Real-Time Electronic Patient Portal Use Among Emergency Department Patients.JAMA network open · 2024Article
- Public Health Interventions in the Emergency Department: A Framework for Evaluation.The western journal of emergency medicine · 2024Article
- Operation CoVER Saint Louis (COVID-19 Vaccine in the Emergency Room): Impact of a Vaccination Program in the Emergency Department.The western journal of emergency medicine · 2024Article
- A Scoping Review on Gender/Sex Differences in COVID-19 Vaccine Intentions and Uptake in the United States.American journal of health promotion : AJHP · 2024Article
- Survey of Vaccine Hesitancy in Patients Visiting Three Tertiary-care Emergency Departments in Southeast Louisiana.The western journal of emergency medicine · 2023Article
- Vaccine Acceptance During a Novel Student-led Emergency Department COVID-19 Vaccination Program.The western journal of emergency medicine · 2023Article
- Assessment of a COVID-19 vaccination protocol for unhoused patients in the emergency department.Vaccine · 2023Article
- Perspectives of COVID-19 vaccine-hesitant emergency department patients to inform messaging platforms to promote vaccine uptake.Academic emergency medicine : official journal of the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine · 2023Article
- Article
- COVID-19 vaccine controversy: A cross-sectional analysis of factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine acceptance amongst emergency department patients in New York City.Journal of the American College of Emergency Physicians open · 2022Article
- Implementation of a COVID-19 Vaccination Program in the Emergency Department.Hospital pharmacy · 2022Article
- Factors Associated With Parental Acceptance of COVID-19 Vaccination: A Multicenter Pediatric Emergency Department Cross-Sectional Analysis.Annals of emergency medicine · 2022Article
- Article
- COVID-19 vaccine coverage and factors associated with vaccine uptake among 23 247 adults with a recent history of homelessness in Ontario, Canada: a population-based cohort study.The Lancet. Public health · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
17 authors at 14 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
STUDY
objectiveEmergency departments (EDs) often serve vulnerable populations who may lack primary care and have suffered disproportionate COVID-19 pandemic effects. Comparing patients having and lacking a regular source of medical care and other ED patient characteristics, we assessed COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy, reasons for not wanting the vaccine, perceived access to vaccine sites, and willingness to get the vaccine as part of ED care.
methodsThis was a cross-sectional survey conducted from December 10, 2020, to March 7, 2021, at 15 safety net US EDs. Primary outcomes were COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy, reasons for vaccine hesitancy, and sites (including EDs) for potential COVID-19 vaccine receipt.
resultsOf 2,575 patients approached, 2,301 (89.4%) participated. Of the 18.4% of respondents who lacked a regular source of medical care, 65% used the ED as their usual source of health care. The overall rate of vaccine hesitancy was 39%; the range among the 15 sites was 28% to 58%. Respondents who lacked a regular source of medical care were more commonly vaccine hesitant than those who had a regular source of medical care (47% versus 38%, 9% difference, 95% confidence interval 4% to 14%). Other characteristics associated with greater vaccine hesitancy were younger age, female sex, Black race, Latinx ethnicity, and not having received an influenza vaccine in the past 5 years. Of the 61% who would accept a COVID-19 vaccine, 21% stated that they lacked a primary physician or clinic at which to receive it; the vast majority (95%) of these respondents would accept the COVID-19 vaccine as part of their care in the ED.
conclusionED patients who lack a regular source of medical care are particularly hesitant regarding COVID-19 vaccination. Most COVID-19 vaccine acceptors would accept it as part of their care in the ED. EDs may play pivotal roles in COVID-19 vaccine messaging and delivery to highly vulnerable populations.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.