Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34271898›Full record

ArticleBMC endocrine disorders2021

Zinc transporter 8 (ZnT8) autoantibody prevalence in black South African participants with type 1 diabetes.

Sureka Bhola, Eleanor M Cave, Sindeep Bhana, Nigel J Crowther, Carolyn J Padoa

Open access · goldAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in BMC endocrine disorders, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
1.4field-weighted citation impact, top 18% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Sureka BholaDepartment of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. sureka.bhola@nhls.ac.za.
Eleanor M CaveDepartment of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Sindeep BhanaDepartment of Medicine, Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Nigel J CrowtherDepartment of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Carolyn J PadoaDepartment of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
University of the Witwatersrand · ZAChris Hani Baragwanath Hospital · ZA

Funding

National Health Laboratory Service 94398
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundAutoantibodies to β-cell specific antigens are markers of type 1 diabetes. The most recently identified autoantibodies are targeted to the zinc transporter 8 (ZnT8) protein located in the membrane of β-cell insulin secretory granules. The prevalence of ZnT8 autoantibodies in newly diagnosed participants with type 1 diabetes has been found to range from 33 to 80 %. Due to the lack of data on the immunological aetiology of type 1 diabetes in African populations, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of ZnT8 autoantibodies in black South Africans with type 1 diabetes and whether ZnT8 autoantibody positivity was associated with age at diagnosis and disease duration.

methodsParticipants with type 1 diabetes and controls were recruited from the greater Johannesburg area, South Africa. Positivity for ZnT8, GAD65 and IA2 autoantibodies was determined by ELISA.

resultsParticipants with type 1 diabetes (n = 183) and controls (n = 49) were matched for age (29.1 ± 9.53 vs. 27.3 ± 7.29, respectively; p = 0.248). The mean age at diagnosis for participants with type 1 diabetes was 20.8 ± 8.46 years. The prevalence of ZnT8 autoantibody positivity was 17.5 % (32 of 183) in participants with type 1 diabetes with a median disease duration of 7.00 [2.00; 11.0] years. ZnT8 autoantibody prevalence in newly diagnosed participants (< 1 year duration) was 27.3 % (6 of 22). Logistic regression analysis found an association between ZnT8 autoantibody positivity and shorter disease duration (OR: 0.9 (0.81-1.00); p = 0.042). In addition, ZnT8 autoantibody positivity was significantly associated with an increased chance of being GAD65 (OR: 3.37 (1.10-10.3)) and IA2 (OR: 8.63 (2.82-26.4)) autoantibody positive. Multiple regression analysis found no association between ZnT8 autoantibody positivity and age at diagnosis. However, the presence of ≥ 2 autoantibodies was associated with a younger age at diagnosis of type 1 diabetes when compared to participants with ≤ 1 autoantibody (B = -5.270; p = 0.002).

conclusionsThe presence of ZnT8 autoantibodies was not related to a younger age at diagnosis in black South African patients with type 1 diabetes. However, the greater the numbers of autoantibodies present in an individual the earlier the age at diagnosis. ZnT8 autoantibodies decline with disease duration in the black South African population.

Indexed as

AdultAutoantibodiesBiomarkersCase-Control StudiesDiabetes Mellitus, Type 1FemaleFollow-Up StudiesHumansInsulin-Secreting CellsMalePrevalencePrognosisSouth AfricaZinc Transporter 8AutoantibodiesBiomarkersSLC30A8 protein, humanZinc Transporter 8AutoantibodyBlack South AfricanPrevalenceType 1 diabetesZnT8

Identifiers

PMID34271898
PMCPMC8285837
OpenAlexW3179103295

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.