ArticleBMC microbiology2021
Virulence factors and molecular characteristics of Shigella flexneri isolated from calves with diarrhea.
Article in BMC microbiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- Molecular characterization and antimicrobial resistance profiles of Shigella flexneri isolates from pediatric clinical cases in Ahvaz, Iran.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Shotgun proteomics for biomarker discovery in microbial pathogens and allergens in food: a review.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2026Review
- Occurrence of CRISPR-Cas genes and lack of association with antibiotic resistance in Shigella isolates collected from patients with diarrhea in Ahvaz, southwest Iran.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Genomic insights into Shigella species isolated from small ruminants and manure in the North West Province, South Africa.Applied microbiology and biotechnology · 2025Article
- Article
- Whole genome analysis ofFrontiers in veterinary science · 2025Article
- Isolation, characterization, therapeutic and prophylactic applications of a lytic bacteriophage to combat multi-drug resistance Shigella flexneri: an animal study model.GMS hygiene and infection control · 2025Article
- Prevalence and changing antimicrobial resistance profiles of Shigella spp. isolated from diarrheal patients in Kolkata during 2011-2019.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2024Article
- Foodborne Bacterial Pathogens in Animal, Food, and Environmental Samples Collected From the Physical Exposure of Children With Diarrhea in Ethiopia: A One Health Approach.Environmental health insights · 2024Article
- A Comprehensive Review for the Surveillance of Human Pathogenic Microorganisms in Shellfish.Microorganisms · 2023Review
- Molecular Mechanisms ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Occurrence ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Molecular mechanisms of Shigella effector proteins: a common pathogen among diarrheic pediatric population.Molecular and cellular pediatrics · 2022Review
- Chromosome-encoded IpaH ubiquitin ligases indicate non-human enteroinvasive Escherichia.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- YfiB: An Outer Membrane Protein Involved in the Virulence ofMicroorganisms · 2022Article
- Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe natural hosts of Shigella are typically humans and other primates, but it has been shown that the host range of Shigella has expanded to many animals. Although Shigella is becoming a major threat to animals, there is limited information on the genetic background of local strains. The purpose of this study was to assess the presence of virulence factors and the molecular characteristics of S. flexneri isolated from calves with diarrhea.
resultsFifty-four S. flexneri isolates from Gansun, Shanxi, Qinghai, Xinjiang and Tibet obtained during 2014 to 2016 possessed four typical biochemical characteristics of Shigella. The prevalences of ipaH, virA, ipaBCD, ial, sen, set1A, set1B and stx were 100 %, 100 %, 77.78 %, 79.63 %, 48.15 %, 48.15 and 0 %, respectively. Multilocus variable number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) based on 8 variable number of tandem repeat (VNTR) loci discriminated the isolates into 39 different MLVA types (MTs), pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) based on NotI digestion divided the 54 isolates into 31 PFGE types (PTs), and multilocus sequence typing (MLST) based on 15 housekeeping genes differentiated the isolates into 7 MLST sequence types (STs).
conclusionsThe findings from this study enrich our knowledge of the molecular characteristics of S. flexneri collected from calves with diarrhea, which will be important for addressing clinical and epidemiological issues regarding shigellosis.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.