Trial reportBMC anesthesiology2021
Effectiveness of analgesia with hydromorphone hydrochloride for postoperative pain following surgical repair of structural congenital malformations in children: a randomized controlled trial.
Trial report in BMC anesthesiology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systemic opioid regimens for postoperative pain in neonates.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Systemic opioid regimens for postoperative pain in neonates.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2023Pooled it
- Esketamine combined with hydromorphone versus hydromorphone for post-operative patient-controlled intravenous analgesia in children: a randomized controlled trial.European journal of medical research · 2026Trial
- Effectiveness of perioperative low-dose esketamine infusion for postoperative pain management in pediatric urological surgery: a prospective clinical trial.BMC anesthesiology · 2024Trial
- Hydromorphone in Pediatric Pain Management: Pharmacology, Clinical Applications, and Safety Considerations-A Narrative Review.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- The Influence of Pharmacological Agents Used During General Anesthesia on the Intensity of Postoperative Pain and the Occurrence of Post-Anesthetic Delirium-A Scoping Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Review
- Personalized Multimodal and Opioid-Sparing Analgesia for Postoperative Pain Management: Enhancing Recovery and Addressing the Post-Discharge Gap.Journal of pain research · 2026Review
- Hydromorphone reduced the incidence of emergence agitation after adenotonsillectomy in children with obstructive sleep apnea: A randomized, double-blind study.Open medicine (Warsaw, Poland) · 2025Article
- Hydromorphone ameliorates postoperative pain and depressive disorder in women receiving cesarean section under spinal anesthesia.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Effect of postoperative hydrocodone analgesia on inflammatory factors, NSE levels, and cognitive function in elderly patients undergoing hip arthroplasty.American journal of translational research · 2024Article
- Prevalence and risk factors of emergence agitation among pediatric patients undergo ophthalmic and ENT Surgery: a cross-sectional study.BMC pediatrics · 2023Article
- Safety and efficacy of esketamine for postoperative analgesia in pediatric patients with hypospadias.Frontiers in surgery · 2023Article
- Hydromorphone Prescription for Pain in Children-What Place in Clinical Practice?Frontiers in pediatrics · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundEffective postoperative analgesia is needed to prevent the negative effects of postoperative pain on patient outcomes. To compare the effectiveness of hydromorphone hydrochloride and sufentanil, combined with flurbiprofen axetil, for postoperative analgesia in pediatric patients.
methodsThis prospective randomized controlled trial included 222 pediatric patients scheduled for repair of a structural congenital malformation under general anesthesia. Patients were randomized into 3 groups: hydromorphone hydrochloride 0.1 mg/kg (H1), hydromorphone hydrochloride 0.2 mg/kg; (H2) or sufentanil 1.5 µg/kg (S). Analgesics were diluted in 0.9% saline to 100 ml and infused continuously at a basic flow rate of 2 mL per h. The primary outcome measure was the Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, and Consolability (FLACC) pain score. Secondary outcomes included heart rate (HR), respiration rate (RR), SpO
resultsThe FLACC score was significantly lower in H1 and H2 groups compared to S. The Ramsay sedation score was significantly higher in H1 and H2 groups compared to S. Recovery time was shorter in H1 group compared to patients H2 group or S group. There were no significant differences in the PAED scale, HR, RR, SpO2, adverse reactions, satisfaction of parents with analgesia, or length and cost of hospital stay.
conclusionsHydromorphone hydrochloride is a more effective analgesic than sufentanil for postoperative pain in pediatric patients following surgical repair of a structural congenital malformation, however, hydromorphone hydrochloride and sufentanil had similar safety profiles in this patient population.
trial registrationChinese Clinical Trial Register ChiCTR-INR-17013935). Clinical trial registry URL: Date of registration: December 14, 2017.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.