ArticleToxicology2021
The methylimidazolium ionic liquid M8OI is detectable in human sera and is subject to biliary excretion in perfused human liver.
Article in Toxicology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 24 citations in OpenAlex.
- Benchmark Dose Estimation from Transcriptomics Data for Methylimidazolium Ionic Liquid Hepatotoxicity: Implications for Health Risk Assessment of Green Solvents.Environment & health (Washington, D.C.) · 2025Article
- Assessing Modes of Toxic Action of Organic Cations inChemical research in toxicology · 2025Article
- Balancing the Functionality and Biocompatibility of Materials with a Deep-Learning-Based Inverse Design Framework.Environment & health (Washington, D.C.) · 2024Article
- Ionic Liquid 1-Octyl-3-Methylimidazolium (M8OI) Is Mono-Oxygenated by CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 in Adult Human Liver.Journal of xenobiotics · 2024Article
- Potential for cardiac toxicity with methylimidazolium ionic liquids.Ecotoxicology and environmental safety · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
A methylimidizolium ionic liquid (M8OI) was recently found to be contaminating the environment and to be related to and/or potentially a component of an environmental trigger for the autoimmune liver disease primary biliary cholangitis (PBC). The aims of this study were to investigate human exposure to M8OI, hepatic metabolism and excretion. PBC patient and control sera were screened for the presence of M8OI. Human livers were perfused with 50μM M8OI in a closed circuit and its hepatic disposition examined. Metabolism was examined in cultured human hepatocytes and differentiated HepaRG cells by the addition of M8OI and metabolites in the range 10-100 μM. M8OI was detected in the sera from 5/20 PBC patients and 1/10 controls. In perfused livers, M8OI was cleared from the plasma with its appearance - primarily in the form of its hydroxylated (HO8IM) and carboxylated (COOH7IM) products - in the bile. Metabolism was reflected in cultured hepatocytes with HO8IM production inhibited by the cytochrome P450 inhibitor ketoconazole. Further oxidation of HO8IM to COOH7IM was sequentially inhibited by the alcohol and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitors 4-methyl pyrazole and disulfiram respectively. Hepatocytes from 1 donor failed to metabolise M8OI to COOH7IM over a 24 h period. These results demonstrate exposure to M8OI in the human population, monooxygenation by cytochromes P450 followed by alcohol and acetaldehyde dehydrogenase oxidation to a carboxylic acid that are excreted, in part, via the bile in human liver.
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