ArticlePloS one2021
Trends in COVID-19 case-fatality rates in Brazilian public hospitals: A longitudinal cohort of 398,063 hospital admissions from 1st March to 3rd October 2020.
Article in PloS one, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Significant association between HIV infection and increased risk of COVID-19 mortality: a meta-analysis based on adjusted effect estimates.Clinical and experimental medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Survival analysis and mortality predictors of COVID-19 across the six-wave pattern of the pandemic in Monastir, Tunisia : COVID-19 mortality predictors in Monastir across six waves.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Longitudinal analysis of Covid-19 infection trends and in-hospital mortality across six pandemic waves in Tunisia.Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique · 2025Article
- COVID-19 case fatality ratio and survival among hospitalized adults in Goiás, 2020: a cohort study.Epidemiologia e servicos de saude : revista do Sistema Unico de Saude do Brasil · 2025Article
- COVID-19 inpatient mortality in Brazil from 2020 to 2022: a cross-sectional overview study based on secondary data.International journal for equity in health · 2023Article
- Article
- Ethnic inequalities in COVID-19 infection, hospitalisation, intensive care admission, and death: a global systematic review and meta-analysis of over 200 million study participants.EClinicalMedicine · 2023Article
- [Depression, anxiety, stress, and social support: a cross-sectional study with caregivers of visually impaired children in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil - Views-QoL Study].Cadernos de saude publica · 2023Article
- Time-dependent risk of COVID-19 death with overwhelmed health-care capacity in Japan, 2020-2022.BMC infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Deaths Related to Chagas Disease and COVID-19 Co-Infection, Brazil, March-December 2020.Emerging infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Comparative epidemiology of five waves of COVID-19 in Mexico, March 2020-August 2022.BMC infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Impact of Hypertension on COVID-19 Burden in Kidney Transplant Recipients: An Observational Cohort Study.Viruses · 2022Observational
- Temporal trends in clinical characteristics and in-hospital mortality among patients with COVID-19 in Japan for waves 1, 2, and 3: A retrospective cohort study.Journal of infection and chemotherapy : official journal of the Japan Society of Chemotherapy · 2022Article
- Data-driven case fatality rate estimation for the primary lineage of SARS-CoV-2 in Poland.Methods (San Diego, Calif.) · 2022Article
- The impact of COVID-19 vaccination on case fatality rates in a city in Southern Brazil.American journal of infection control · 2022Article
- Coronavirus disease-related in-hospital mortality: a cohort study in a private healthcare network in Brazil.Scientific reports · 2022Article
- Assessing sex differential in COVID-19 mortality rate by age and polymerase chain reaction test results: an Iranian multi-center study.Expert review of anti-infective therapy · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAlmost 200,000 deaths from COVID-19 were reported in Brazil in 2020. The case fatality rate of a new infectious disease can vary by different risk factors and over time. We analysed the trends and associated factors of COVID-19 case fatality rates in Brazilian public hospital admissions during the first wave of the pandemic.
methodsA retrospective cohort of all COVID-19-related admissions between epidemiological weeks 10-40 in the Brazilian Public Health System (SUS) was delimited from available reimbursement records. Smoothing time series and survival analyses were conducted to evaluate the trends of hospital case fatality rates (CFR) and the probability of death according to factors such as sex, age, ethnicity, comorbidities, length of stay and ICU use.
resultsWith 398,063 admissions and 86,452 (21.7%) deaths, the overall age-standardized hospital CFR trend decreased throughout the period, varying from 31.8% (95%CI: 31.2 to 32.5%) in week 10 to 18.2% (95%CI: 17.6 to 18.8%) in week 40. This decreasing trend was observed in all sex, age, ethnic groups, length of stay and ICU admissions. Consistently, later admission (from July to September) was an independent protective factor. Patients 80+ year old had a hazard ratio of 8.18 (95% CI: 7.51 to 8.91). Ethnicity, comorbidities, and ICU need were also associated with the death risk. Although also decreasing, the CFR was always around 40-50% in people who needed an ICU admission.
conclusionsThe overall hospital CFR of COVID-19 has decreased in Brazilian public hospitals during the first wave of the pandemic in 2020. Nevertheless, during the entire period, the CFR was still very high, suggesting the need for improving COVID-19 hospital care in Brazil.
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