Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34270183›Full record

ArticleJournal of epidemiology and global health2021

Global Epidemiology of HIV/AIDS: A Resurgence in North America and Europe.

Romona D Govender, Muhammad Jawad Hashim, Moien Ab Khan, Halla Mustafa, Gulfaraz Khan

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of epidemiology and global health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 116 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
116citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

116 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

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56 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Romona D GovenderDepartment of Family Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Tawam Hospital Campus, Al Ain 17666, UAE.
Muhammad Jawad HashimDepartment of Family Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Tawam Hospital Campus, Al Ain 17666, UAE.ORCID 0000-0002-9280-9709
Moien Ab KhanDepartment of Family Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Tawam Hospital Campus, Al Ain 17666, UAE.
Halla MustafaDepartment of Family Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Tawam Hospital Campus, Al Ain 17666, UAE.
Gulfaraz KhanDepartment of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Tawam Hospital Campus, Al Ain 17666, UAE.ORCID 0000-0001-6836-1783

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We aimed to assess global trends in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) and evaluate progress toward eradication since the inception of the pandemic. Data were extracted from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 update and the UNAIDS Data 2019. The datasets included annual figures from 1990 to 2019 for HIV/AIDS in 204 countries and all world regions. We analyzed rates and trends for prevalence, incidence, mortality and disability adjusted life years. Analysis of age and gender distribution in different regions was used to assess demographic changes. Forecasting was used to estimate disease burden up to 2040. Although many countries have witnessed a decrease in the incidence, for Russia, Ukraine, Portugal, Brazil, Spain and the United States, the rates of new cases are rising since 2010. This trend is present even in age-standardized analysis, indicating a rise in excess of population growth. Over 0.5% of the world's population is infected. About 5000 new infections occur daily, of which 500 are children. Mortality rates are falling globally; currently at 11 deaths per 100,000 population, forecasted to decrease to 8.5 deaths by 2040. Prevalence continues to increase, with South Africa, Nigeria, Mozambique, India, Kenya and the United States having the highest burden. The total number as well as the rates of new HIV infections are rising every year in Europe, South America, North America and other regions over the last decade. Maternal-to-child transmission continues at high rates despite effective preventive regimens. There is an urgent need to develop programs to curb the rising incidence of HIV.

Indexed as

Acquired Immunodeficiency SyndromeHIV InfectionsBrazilEuropeHumansNorth AmericaAIDSdisease burdenepidemiologyHIVincidencemortalityprevalence

Identifiers

PMID34270183
PMCPMC8435868

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.