Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34269494›Full record

ArticleBrain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland)2021

Glutamatergic receptor expression changes in the Alzheimer's disease hippocampus and entorhinal cortex.

Jason H Y Yeung, Joshua L Walby, Thulani H Palpagama, Clinton Turner, Henry J Waldvogel, Richard L M Faull, Andrea Kwakowsky

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
28citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
3.5field-weighted citation impact, top 6% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

28 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 49 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Signs of Alzheimer's Disease: Tied to Aging.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025
    Review
  7. CEST imaging combined withAlzheimer's research & therapy · 2025
    Article
  8. Article
  9. NMDARs in Alzheimer's Disease: Between Synaptic and Extrasynaptic Membranes.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024
    Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Review
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Jason H Y YeungCentre for Brain Research, Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
Joshua L WalbyCentre for Brain Research, Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
Thulani H PalpagamaCentre for Brain Research, Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
Clinton TurnerDepartment of Anatomical Pathology, LabPlus, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand.ORCID 0000-0002-2138-7633
Henry J WaldvogelCentre for Brain Research, Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
Richard L M FaullCentre for Brain Research, Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
Andrea KwakowskyCentre for Brain Research, Department of Anatomy and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.ORCID 0000-0002-3801-4956
University of Auckland · NZAuckland City Hospital · NZ

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is the leading form of dementia worldwide. Currently, the pathological mechanisms underlying AD are not well understood. Although the glutamatergic system is extensively implicated in its pathophysiology, there is a gap in knowledge regarding the expression of glutamate receptors in the AD brain. This study aimed to characterize the expression of specific glutamate receptor subunits in post-mortem human brain tissue using immunohistochemistry and confocal microscopy. Free-floating immunohistochemistry and confocal laser scanning microscopy were used to quantify the density of glutamate receptor subunits GluA2, GluN1, and GluN2A in specific cell layers of the hippocampal sub-regions, subiculum, entorhinal cortex, and superior temporal gyrus. Quantification of GluA2 expression in human post-mortem hippocampus revealed a significant increase in the stratum (str.) moleculare of the dentate gyrus (DG) in AD compared with control. Increased GluN1 receptor expression was found in the str. moleculare and hilus of the DG, str. oriens of the CA2 and CA3, str. pyramidale of the CA2, and str. radiatum of the CA1, CA2, and CA3 subregions and the entorhinal cortex. GluN2A expression was significantly increased in AD compared with control in the str. oriens, str. pyramidale, and str. radiatum of the CA1 subregion. These findings indicate that the expression of glutamatergic receptor subunits shows brain region-specific changes in AD, suggesting possible pathological receptor functioning. These results provide evidence of specific glutamatergic receptor subunit changes in the AD hippocampus and entorhinal cortex, indicating the requirement for further research to elucidate the pathophysiological mechanisms it entails, and further highlight the potential of glutamatergic receptor subunits as therapeutic targets.

Indexed as

AgedAged, 80 and overAlzheimer DiseaseEntorhinal CortexFemaleHippocampusHumansMaleMiddle AgedNeuronsReceptors, GlutamateReceptors, GlutamateAlzheimer's diseaseAMAPA receptorentorhinal cortexglutamate receptorhippocampusNMDA receptorsubiculumsuperior temporal gyrus

Identifiers

PMID34269494
PMCPMC8549033
OpenAlexW3181083146

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.