ArticleClinical and translational science2021
Oral and intravenous pharmacokinetics of metformin with and without oral codeine intake in healthy subjects: A cross-over study.
Article in Clinical and translational science, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Theophylline Prophylaxis During Hypothermia to Limit Neonatal Nephron Damage
A Phase 0/Phase 1 Trial of Metformin for Premature Infants With Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia
Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.
- Factors Influencing Phenoconversion in CYP-Mediated Drug Metabolism: A Scoping Review.Pharmacy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Beyond diabetes: harnessing the power of metformin in burn care.Critical care (London, England) · 2025Review
- Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) Model Predictions of Disease Mediated Changes in Drug Disposition in Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD).Pharmaceutical research · 2024Article
- Metformin serum concentrations during pregnancy and post partum - A clinical study in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome.Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology · 2022Article
- No significant influence of OCT1 genotypes on the pharmacokinetics of morphine in adult surgical patients.Basic & clinical pharmacology & toxicology · 2022Article
- Oral and intravenous pharmacokinetics of metformin with and without oral codeine intake in healthy subjects: A cross-over study.Clinical and translational science · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The aim of the study was to investigate if there is a clinically relevant drug interaction between metformin and codeine. Volunteers were randomized to receive on four separate occasions: (A) orally administered metformin (1 g), (B) intravenously administered metformin (0.5 g), (C) five doses of tablet codeine 25 mg; the last dose was administered together with oral metformin (1 g), and (D) five doses of tablet codeine 25 mg; the last dose was administered together with metformin (0.5 g) intravenously. Blood samples were drawn for 24 h after administration of metformin, and for 6 h after administration of codeine and analyzed using liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry. Healthy volunteers genotyped as CYP2D6 normal metabolizers (*1/*1) without known reduced function variants in the OCT1 gene (rs12208357, rs34130495, rs34059508, and rs72552763) were invited. The median absorption fraction of metformin was 0.31 and was not influenced by codeine intake. The median time to maximum concentration (
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.