Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34267208›Full record

ArticleNature communications2021

Extensive transcriptional and chromatin changes underlie astrocyte maturation in vivo and in culture.

Michael Lattke, Robert Goldstone, James K Ellis, Stefan Boeing, Jerónimo Jurado-Arjona, Nicolás Marichal, James I MacRae, Benedikt Berninger, Francois Guillemot

Open access · goldAbstract readVideo-Audio Media
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 70 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
70citing papers in PubMed
7.4field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

70 citing papers in PubMed, 109 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Perisynaptic Astrocytic Processes as Communication Hubs and Early Sites of Dysfunction.The Neuroscientist : a review journal bringing neurobiology, neurology and psychiatry · 2026
    Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Reprogramming of neuronal genome function and phenotype by astrocytes.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026
    Article
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
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  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

10 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Michael LattkeNeural Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.
Robert GoldstoneAdvanced Sequencing Facility, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.
James K EllisMetabolomics Science Technology Platform, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.
Stefan BoeingSoftware Development & Machine Learning Team, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.
Jerónimo Jurado-ArjonaInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, King's College London, London, UK.
Nicolás MarichalInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, King's College London, London, UK.
James I MacRaeMetabolomics Science Technology Platform, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-1464-8583
Benedikt BerningerInstitute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, King's College London, London, UK.
Francois GuillemotNeural Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK. Francois.Guillemot@crick.ac.uk.ORCID 0000-0003-0432-5067
The Francis Crick Institute · GBKing's College London · GB

Funding

Cancer Research UK FC001002Cancer Research UK FC0010089Medical Research Council FC001002Medical Research Council FC0010089Medical Research Council FC0010408Medical Research Council MR/N026063/1Wellcome Trust 206410/Z/17/ZWellcome Trust FC001002Wellcome Trust FC0010089
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Astrocytes have essential functions in brain homeostasis that are established late in differentiation, but the mechanisms underlying the functional maturation of astrocytes are not well understood. Here we identify extensive transcriptional changes that occur during murine astrocyte maturation in vivo that are accompanied by chromatin remodelling at enhancer elements. Investigating astrocyte maturation in a cell culture model revealed that in vitro-differentiated astrocytes lack expression of many mature astrocyte-specific genes, including genes for the transcription factors Rorb, Dbx2, Lhx2 and Fezf2. Forced expression of these factors in vitro induces distinct sets of mature astrocyte-specific transcripts. Culturing astrocytes in a three-dimensional matrix containing FGF2 induces expression of Rorb, Dbx2 and Lhx2 and improves astrocyte maturity based on transcriptional and chromatin profiles. Therefore, extrinsic signals orchestrate the expression of multiple intrinsic regulators, which in turn induce in a modular manner the transcriptional and chromatin changes underlying astrocyte maturation.

Indexed as

AnimalsAstrocytesCell Culture TechniquesCell DifferentiationCerebral CortexChromatinChromatin Immunoprecipitation SequencingEpigenesis, GeneticGene ExpressionMaleMiceMice, Inbred C57BLSingle-Cell AnalysisTranscription FactorsChromatinTranscription Factors

Identifiers

PMID34267208
PMCPMC8282848
OpenAlexW3178979628

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.