ArticleScience immunology2021
A yeast expressed RBD-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccine formulated with 3M-052-alum adjuvant promotes protective efficacy in non-human primates.
Article in Science immunology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 57 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
57 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 80 citations in OpenAlex.
- Safety and efficacy of toll-like receptor agonists as therapeutic agents and vaccine adjuvants for infectious diseases in animals: a systematic review.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2024Pooled it
- The Association of Primate Veterinarians and the European Primate Veterinarians Position Statement on the Value of Nonhuman Primates in Research.Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science : JAALAS · 2026Article
- Coordinated immune response distinguishes duration of SARS-CoV-2 viral particle shedding in humans.iScience · 2026Article
- ID93 + GLA-3M-052-LS vaccine candidate administered by heterologous routes improves BCG efficacy against TB.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Unveiling an Immunological Mystery: Deciphering the Durability Divide in Vaccine-Elicited Antibody Responses.Current HIV research · 2026Review
- The ID93 + GLA-3M-052-LS vaccine candidate elicits mucosal and systemic immunogenicity and protective efficacy againstbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Multiscale dynamic immunomodulation by a nanoemulsified Trojan-TLR7/8 adjuvant for robust protection against heterologous pandemic and endemic viruses.Cellular & molecular immunology · 2025Article
- Development of a self-assembling multimeric Bann-RBD fusion protein in Pichia pastoris as a potential COVID-19 vaccine candidate.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Distinct immune responses in people living with HIV following SARS-CoV-2 recovery.Communications medicine · 2025Article
- Immunogenicity and safety of anHuman vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2024Article
- Review
- Protective RBD-dimer vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 and its variants produced in glycoengineered Pichia pastoris.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- Vaccine Science Diplomacy and "The Phenomenon of Man".The Linacre quarterly · 2024Article
- A trivalent protein-based pan-Betacoronavirus vaccine elicits cross-neutralizing antibodies against a panel of coronavirus pseudoviruses.NPJ vaccines · 2024Article
- Olfactory immunology: the missing piece in airway and CNS defence.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2024Review
- A Journey in Science: Molecular vaccines for global child health in troubled times of anti-science.Molecular medicine (Cambridge, Mass.) · 2024Article
- The Application of Biomaterials for the Vaccine, Treatment, and Detection of SARS-CoV-2.ACS omega · 2024Review
- Semisynthesis of homogeneous spike RBD glycoforms from SARS-CoV-2 for profiling the correlations between glycan composition and function.National science review · 2024Article
- Choice of adjuvant and antigen composition alters the immunogenic profile of a SARS-CoV-2 subunit vaccine.Frontiers in drug delivery · 2024Article
- Structure-based design of oligomeric receptor-binding domain (RBD) recombinant proteins as potent vaccine candidates against SARS-CoV-2.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
47 authors at 9 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Ongoing SARS-CoV-2 vaccine development is focused on identifying stable, cost-effective, and accessible candidates for global use, specifically in low and middle-income countries. Here, we report the efficacy of a rapidly scalable, novel yeast expressed SARS-CoV-2 specific receptor-binding domain (RBD) based vaccine in rhesus macaques. We formulated the RBD immunogen in alum, a licensed and an emerging alum adsorbed TLR-7/8 targeted, 3M-052-alum adjuvants. The RBD+3M-052-alum adjuvanted vaccine promoted better RBD binding and effector antibodies, higher CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies, improved Th1 biased CD4+T cell reactions, and increased CD8+ T cell responses when compared to the alum-alone adjuvanted vaccine. RBD+3M-052-alum induced a significant reduction of SARS-CoV-2 virus in respiratory tract upon challenge, accompanied by reduced lung inflammation when compared with unvaccinated controls. Anti-RBD antibody responses in vaccinated animals inversely correlated with viral load in nasal secretions and BAL. RBD+3M-052-alum blocked a post SARS-CoV-2 challenge increase in CD14+CD16++ intermediate blood monocytes, and Fractalkine, MCP-1, and TRAIL in the plasma. Decreased plasma analytes and intermediate monocyte frequencies correlated with reduced nasal and BAL viral loads. Lastly, RBD-specific plasma cells accumulated in the draining lymph nodes and not in the bone marrow, contrary to previous findings. Together, these data show that a yeast expressed, RBD-based vaccine+3M-052-alum provides robust immune responses and protection against SARS-CoV-2, making it a strong and scalable vaccine candidate.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.