ReviewBiological psychiatry2022
The Kynurenine Pathway in Traumatic Brain Injury: Implications for Psychiatric Outcomes.
Review in Biological psychiatry, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT06821087 (Evaluating the Neuromodulatory Effect of Ketamine in Long COVID), which is not on this map. Cited by 45 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Evaluating the Neuromodulatory Effect of Ketamine in Long COVID: A Pilot Study Targeting Fatigue and Neurocognitive Symptoms
Who cites it
45 citing papers in PubMed, 68 citations in OpenAlex.
- A circuit linking dentate gyrus and retrosplenial granular cortex regulates fracture healing in male mice.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Toll like receptor 4 (TLR4) in neuroinflammation: From acute hemorrhagic stroke to chronic neurodegeneration.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2026Review
- Clinical Prognostic Modeling and Paired Blood-CSF Metabolomic Profiling for Outcome Prediction in Isolated Moderate-to-Severe Traumatic Brain Injury: Implications for Neurocritical Care Management.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- The Role of Microbiome-Associated Metabolites and Their Clinical Implications in Traumatic Brain Injury: A Scoping Review.Neurocritical care · 2026Review
- Kai-Xin-San Has Antidepressant-Like Effect in Tricyclic Antidepressant Treatment Resistant Animal Model by Rebalancing Tryptophan Metabolism.Chinese journal of integrative medicine · 2026Article
- The role of oral contraceptive use in associations of concussion history with kynurenine pathway metabolites, inflammation, and psychological symptoms in female athletes.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2026Article
- Kynurenine pathway dysregulation in major depressive disorder: the convergence of excitotoxicity, neuroinflammation, and oxidative stress.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Review
- The kynurenine pathway in pediatric "mild-to-moderate" traumatic brain injury: translational insights from a prospective human study and a large-animal model.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2026Article
- The kynurenine pathway in depression and schizophrenia: convergent signals, divergent states, and clinical signatures.EXCLI journal · 2026Review
- TLR4 mediates post-traumatic depression via kynurenine pathway activation in a murine traumatic brain injury model.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Peripheral neurotransmitter metabolic signatures in schizophrenia: a targeted metabolomics study.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Neurochemical Insights into the Role of Tryptophan Metabolites and Kynurenine Pathway in Insomnia and its Psychological and Neurological Comorbidities.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- Production, Mechanisms, and Therapeutic Strategies of Tryptophan Metabolites in CNS Diseases.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Review
- Article
- The Role of Gut-Brain Tryptophan Metabolism and Fatty Acid Peroxidation in the Effect of Sleep Deprivation on Anxiety and Depression in PCOS Mice.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Secretome and Its Key Bioactive Metabolites Induce Long-Term Neuroprotection After Traumatic Brain Injury in Mice.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Could a Mediterranean Diet Modulate Alzheimer's Disease Progression? The Role of Gut Microbiota and Metabolite Signatures in Neurodegeneration.Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Diverse Physiological Roles of Kynurenine Pathway Metabolites: Updated Implications for Health and Disease.Metabolites · 2025Review
- Metabolic Syndrome and Schizophrenia: Adding a Piece to the Interplay Between the Kynurenine Pathway and Inflammation.Metabolites · 2025Review
- Concussion and the Autonomic, Immune, and Endocrine Systems: An Introduction to the Field and a Treatment Framework for Persisting Symptoms.Journal of personalized medicine · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an established risk factor for the development of psychiatric disorders, especially depression and anxiety. However, the mechanistic pathways underlying this risk remain unclear, limiting treatment options and hindering the identification of clinically useful biomarkers. One salient pathophysiological process implicated in both primary psychiatric disorders and TBI is inflammation. An important consequence of inflammation is the increased breakdown of tryptophan to kynurenine and, subsequently, the metabolism of kynurenine into several neuroactive metabolites, including the neurotoxic NMDA receptor agonist quinolinic acid and the neuroprotective NMDA receptor antagonist kynurenic acid. Here, we review studies of the kynurenine pathway (KP) in TBI and examine their potential clinical implications. The weight of the literature suggests that there is increased production of neurotoxic kynurenines such as quinolinic acid in TBI of all severities and that elevated quinolinic acid concentrations in both the cerebrospinal fluid and blood are a negative prognostic indicator, being associated with death, magnetic resonance imaging abnormalities, increased depressive and anxiety symptoms, and prolonged recovery. We hypothesize that an imbalance in KP metabolism is also one molecular pathway through which the TBI-induced neurometabolic cascade may predispose to the development of psychiatric sequelae. If this model is correct, KP metabolites could serve to predict who is likely to develop psychiatric illness while drugs that target the KP could help to prevent or treat depression and anxiety arising in the context of TBI.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.